对煤田启封孔的分类、治理方法和特点进行了探讨。研究认为，在启封孔启封透孔中，若采取的施工工艺不当，偏斜和钻出新轨迹是施工现场常见的技术问题，若处理不当，回不到原钻孔轨迹，常导致启封孔启封失败，故预防启封孔偏斜和钻出新轨迹是启封施工中的重点和技术难点。以内蒙某煤矿的地面启封孔工程实践为例，介绍了启封孔的不同启封阶段的操作技术参数和施工要点，并对冲积层段和基岩的纠斜措施进行了详细论述。结果表明，只要严格按照启封孔的启封工艺启封透孔，偏斜和钻出新轨迹是可以避免的，达到重新封孔的目的是可以实现的。%The paper has discussed classification, treatment method and peculiarity of coalfield unsealing boreholes. The study consid⁃ered that during the perforating process of unsealing boreholes, if improper operational technology is used, common problems have de⁃flection and new tracks appeared, together with mishandled, often difficult to return original track and cause unsealing failure. So that, to prevent unsealing borehole deflection and drill new tracks is the key point and technical difficulty. Taking an unsealing borehole project practice in an Inner Mongolian coalmine as example, introduced operational technological parameters and operation key points during different unsealing stages, and detailed expounded corrective measures in alluvial deposits and bedrock. The result has shown that only if in strict accordance with unsealing technology to perforate, deflection and new tracks can be avoided, and the target to re⁃seal borehole can be realized.
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