西方城市公共服务空间分布的公平性研究进展

摘要

关于如何界定、计量、描述、分析公平问题一直是多个学科研究的热点.20世纪以来西方城市公共服务公平性的研究经历了1970年代以前的地域均等、1970-1990年代的空间公平和20世纪末至21世纪初以来的社会公平三个主要阶段.通过梳理西方城市公共服务公平性研究的理论、方法及趋势,结合中国具体实际进行相关研究,对我国实现基本公共服务均等化、公共服务型政府转型、公平规划及和谐社会具有重要意义.%The research on how to define, measure, describe and analyze the equity is a hot topic discussed in various subjects. Different subject has different research aspects and methods. The equity research on public service has gone through three stages: the territorial equality before 1970s, the spatial equity during 1970-1990s, and the social equity since 1990s. This paper analyzes the theories, methods and trends in equity of urban public service in western countries and examines the related researches in China, it is meaningful to realize the equalization of the basic public service, the transformation of public service-oriented government, equity planning and harmonious society.