滨水景观区总体城市设计的理论与方法研究探索——西湖案例

摘要

There are many cities formed and flourished by water.The design of the waterfront landscape affects people's quality of life and the environment directly.The waterfront area is of high economic,cultural and ecological values in a city.In the past,the urban waterfront landscape design focused on the static landscape space,while ignoring the dynamic consideration to urban landscape space,in particular,ignoring the visual space experience by people's random walk.Especially for people walking and resting by the lake or boating in the lake,it is difficult to capture their view points due to its dynamic randomness,making it difficult to start the design based on their dynamic activities.This paper takes the West Lake as an example and summarizes relevant international planning theory and practice about city view system regarding the core issues of West Lake.Then the paper proposes the theory and technology of dynamic design of a waterfront city with the interaction among "people-city-lake".It also analyzes the skyline contours,dynamic tour routes,visual experience,landscape corridors,spatial forms and other crucial issues of West Lake.This paper explores a new theory and method for Chinese urban waterfront landscape design to a certain extent.%相当多的城市依水而生、因水而兴,滨水景观的设计直接影响人们的生活质量和环境,滨水区在城市中拥有重要的经济、文化与生态价值.在城市设计中,城市滨水景观设计以往重点多放在静态景观空间上,而忽视了对城市景观空间的动态考量,特别是忽略了人们随机漫游的视觉空间体验,尤其是在滨水游憩与湖面泛舟的人群,其视点由于具有随机动态性而难以捕捉,使得以其动态活动为基础的设计难以入手.本文以西湖为案例范本,针对西湖的核心问题,梳理城市眺望体系的相关国际规划理论和实践,系统提出“人-城-湖”三者互动的滨水望城的动态设计理论与技术,对其天际轮廓、动态游览路线、视觉感受、景观廊道、空间形态等关键问题进行分析,在一定程度上构筑中国式滨水景观总体城市设计的理论与方法范本.