聚合氯化铝生产废渣的处理与利用

摘要

湖北某公司在生产聚合氯化铝(PAC)的过程中产生的黏稠胶状泥渣具有弱酸性、含水量大的特点,若直接堆放填埋,易污染环境.针对该泥渣的处理和利用途径进行了实验探讨,提出了中和改性处理废渣及其利用的两种新途径.一是作建筑材料,取代部分黏土,制备烧结普通砖;二是作石油产品精炼用脱色剂的添加剂.研究结果表明:加入泥渣质量2%的生石灰,可将具有刺激性气味的酸性泥浆变成近中性或中性,无味无毒,不污染环境;改性废渣掺入质量在10%～20%时,所制成砖的质量能达到国家标准,且可降低焙烧温度50～100℃;改性后的废渣可作为脱色剂的添加剂,当渣料/基料比控制在(1:9)～(2:8)时渣料的加入不仅降低产品成本,且对脱色力和比表面两项指标影响不大,性能符合相关要求,该成果已应用于实际生产.%The polyaluminium chloride (PAC) waste residue produced by a company in Hubei province is viscous and colloidal, and of weak acidity and large moisture. If it was piled or landfilled directly,environment would be polluted. The experimental investigation was carried out for treatment and utilization of the waste. Two ways were proposed for modification and utilization of the waste. One is to be used as building materials in stead of part cement to produce fired common brick; the other is to be used as additive of decolorant for refinement of petrochemical. The results show that the acidic mud with pungent swell can be changed to near neutral or neutral, and become odorless, non-toxic and environment-friendly by adding 2％ of calcium lime. When the adding amount for modifying waste is within 10％-20％, the fired bricks with it could reach the requirements of the national standard and calcination temperature did reduce about 50-100℃. The modified waste could be used as additive of decolorant. When the ratio of waste/base material was in the range of (1 : 9)-(2: 8), not only the cost of deodorant could be decreased but also the influence on its two main indexes decolorizing ability and surface area was little and its performance could meet the product requirement.