A model of oil shale retort with gas heat carrier, based on the combination of matter flow of oil shale feedstock and its drying/preheating and pyrolysis process as well as overall first-order pyrolysis kinetics, was developed using Aspen Plus. Components in oil shale feedstock were divided into moisture, organic substance, and minerals, which were defined as conventional stream, non-conventional stream and conventional inertia stream respectively. According to the pyrolysis mechanism of oil shale and the first-order pyrolysis kinetic equation, the amount of organic matter and its pyrolysis products including shale oil, gases and semi-coke was calculated and analyzed at normal operating temperature of the retort and at other different temperatures. The simulation results agreed well with design and operation parameters of the retort, and the model could be used conveniently to predict amount of pyrolysis products at different temperatures.%引 言油页岩是一种具有无机矿物质的骨架,并含有固体有机质的沉积岩,是固体化石燃料[1].中国油页岩查明资源量315×108 t,预测资源量4520×108 t,位列美国、巴西、前苏联之后,居第四位;按平均含油率6％折算,我国页岩油的查明资源量18.9×108 t,其预测资源量达271.2×108 t[2].主要的利用方式是干馏炼油和燃烧发电两种途径[3].如果能对油页岩进行有效的开发和利用,可以缓解缺少天然石油的困境,减少对进口石油的依赖,维护国家能源安全,改善能源结构.因此对油页岩干馏进行研究具有重要意义.
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