Objective To observe the effect of establishing channels of percutaneous nephrolithotomy on pig′s kidney by B ultra-sound .Methods 32 female Rongchang pigs were divided into four groups :control group ,group F16 ,group F24 ,group F30 ,and 8 pigs in each group .Comparing the time difference of establishing channels in percutaneous nephrolithotomy ,surgery blood loss ,the pressure of pelvis and variance of histology .Results The time of group F16 ,group F24 and group F30 were(95 .00 ± 8 .06)min , (99 .60 ± 5 .55)min and (103 .17 ± 7 .99)min ,there was no significant difference(P>0 .05) .The surgery blood loss of group F16 , group F24 and group F30 were(22 .40 ± 4 .56)mL ,(25 .00 ± 5 .24)mL and (20 .50 ± 7 .87)mL ,there was no significant difference (P>0 .05) .The pressure of pelvis in control group ,group F16 ,group F24 and group F30 were (8 .84 ± 0 .57)cm H2 O ,(23 .54 ± 0 .89)cm H2 O ,(16 .86 ± 1 .06)cm H2 O ,(13 .30 ± 0 .76)cm H2 O ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Four groups had no obvious inflammation cell seeping and hyperplasia of fibrous tissue by HE dyeing .Conclusion The time of establishing channels in percutaneous nephrolithotomy ,surgery blood loss and variance of histology has no obvious relation with the size of the channel .But the pressure of pelvis was affected with different channels and might be related to induce damage of kidney .%目的：对猪建立不同大小经皮肾通道，观察其对猪肾脏的影响。方法将32只雌性荣昌小猪分为4组：对照组、16F组、24F组、30F组，每组8只。比较各组经皮肾通道建立时间、术中出血量、术中肾盂内压力及术后穿刺通道组织学变化。结果16F组、24F组、30F组通道建立时间分别为（95．00±8．06）、（99．60±5．55）、（103．17±7．99）min ，各组之间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；16F组、24F组、30F组术中出血量分别为（22．40±4．56）、（25．00±5．24）、（20．50±7．87）mL ，各组之间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；对照组、16F组、24F组、30F组术中肾盂内压力分别为（8．84±0．57）、（23．54±0．89）、（16．86±1．06）、（13．30±0．76）cm H2 O ，各组之间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；HE染色示各组穿刺通道组织无明显炎症细胞渗出及纤维组织增生。结论建立猪经皮肾通道所需时间、术中出血量和对肾脏组织损伤与通道大小无明显关系，但通道大小明显影响肾盂内压力，其可能与肾脏损害存在关系。
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