永川地区2009～2012年手足口病流行病学及病原学特征分析

摘要

目的：分析永川地区2009～2012年手足口病（HFMD）流行病学特征，为防控工作提供依据。方法收集2009～2012年本院感染科H FM D患者的资料，分析其流行病学特征。结果共收集H FM D患者509例，其中，重症2例，死亡1例；发病高峰为每年5～7月份，2011年及2012年出现第2个高峰，为10～12月份；患者多见于5岁以下儿童；男性多于女性，散居儿童多于幼托儿童；农村多于城市。柯萨奇病毒A组16型（Cox A16）及其他肠道病毒（EV）为优势流行株，但2011年和2012年肠道病毒71型（EV71）感染比例明显增多。EV71感染是引起 HFMD重症及死亡病例的重要因素。结论永川地区 HFMD流行具有明显的季节性、人群性、地区性以及病原学特征。应采取相应措施，更好防控手足口病的发生和流行。%Objective To provide evidence for control and prevention of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) ,we analyzed the epi-demiological and viral characteristics of HFMD in Yongchuan district from 2009 to 2012 .Methods We collected the clinical dates of HFMD cases from Diseases Infectious Department of the Yongchuan Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University during 2009 to 2012 ,and analyzed the epidemiological characteristics .Results There were 509 HFMD cases in recruitment ,including 2 se-vere cases(one was dead) .The peak incidence of HFMD occurred from May to July annually .Between 2011 and 2012 ,there was an-other peak incidence ,which occurred from November to December .Most of the patients were under 5 years-old .The number of male cases was larger than that of the female .The number of scattered children cases was larger than that of the nursery children .More cases were reported in rural area than in urban area .Coxsackie virus A16(Cox A16) and other enteroviruses were the predominant strains of HFMD ,however enterovirus 71(EV71) infected cases increased sharply between 2011and 2012 .Enterovirus 71(EV71) inflection is the main cause of severe and death of HFMD .Conclusion The prevalence of HFMD in Yongchuan district had signifi-cant seasonal ,sex and age-specific ,regional differences and etiological characteristics .It was very important to make practical man-agements to prevent occurrence of HFMD according to these epidemiological characteristics .