目的 评估应用不同栓塞剂进行支气管动脉栓塞术治疗大咯血合并体-肺循环瘘(SPS)的疗效差别.方法 回顾分析2005年3月至2014年2月安徽医科大学附属省立医院98例合并SPS大咯血患者的临床及影像学资料,其中支气管扩张72例、肺结核18例、肺癌8例,所有患者均行介入栓塞治疗.根据应用的栓塞剂材料不同分为明胶海绵栓塞组和聚乙烯醇颗粒栓塞组.所有患者均在术后1d,1、3、6个月,1、2年进行随访,并采用Ridit分析.结果 98例大咯血患者均行数字减影血管造影证实,其中合并肺动脉瘘84例,肺静脉瘘12例,混合瘘2例;单纯性支气管动脉-肺循环瘘(BPS) 32例,支气管动脉与非支气管动脉同时存在肺循环瘘62例,单纯非BPS 4例.两组均无异位栓塞、截瘫、食管气管痿、皮肤缺血坏死等严重并发症.术后1d,1、3、6个月,1、2年的随访提示48例明胶海绵栓塞组中治愈20例,显效18例,有效6例,无效4例,有效率91.7%;50例聚乙烯醇颗粒栓塞组中治愈38例,显效8例,有效4例,无效0例,有效率100.0%.两组疗效经Ridit分析,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 经导管栓塞治疗SPS导致的大咯血安全有效,创伤较小,应用聚乙烯醇颗粒栓塞可以降低咯血的远期复发率.%Objective To evaluate the efficacy difference of different embolization agents in transcatheter embolization for treating massive hemoptysis caused by systemic pulmonary circulation shunt(SPS). Methods The clinical and imaging data in 98 patients with hemoptysis complicating SPS,including bronchodilator in 72 cases,pulmonary tuberculosis in 18 cases and lung carcinoma in 8 cases. All cases were treated with bronchial arterial embolization (BAE). According to different used embolization agents, the cases were divided into the gelfoam group and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)grains embolization group. All cases were followed up at postoperative 1 d,1,3,6 months as well as 1,2 years. The data were analyzed by using Ridit test. Results Ninety-eight cases of massive hemoptysis were confirmed by DSA,among them,84 cases were complicating pulmonary artery fistula, 18 cases were pulmonary venous fistula and 2 cases were mixed fistula; 32 cases were simple BPS, 62 cases were pulmonary circulation fistula existed in the bronchial arteries and non-bronchial artery and 4 cases were simple non-BPS. The two groups had no complications such as embolism,paraplegia,esophagus-trachea fistula and skin ischemic necrosis. The follow up on postoperative 1 d, at postoperative 1, 3,6 months and at postoperative 1,2 years indicated that among 48 cases in the gelfoam group, 20 cases were cured, 18 cases were significantly effective,6 cases were effective and 4 cases were ineffective,the effective rate was 91.7 % ;among 50 cases in the PVA grain embolization group, 38 cases were cured, 8 cases were significantly effective,4 cases were effective and O case was ineffective, the effective rate was 100%. Moreove no severe complications such as ectopic embolism, paraplegia, esophagus-trachea fistula and skin ischemic necrosis occurred. The difference between the two groups had statistical significance by Ridit analysis. Conclusion Transcatheter embolization for treating massive hemoptysis caused by SPS is safe and reliable,has small trauma, using PVA grains embolization can reduce the long term recurrence rate of hemoptysis.
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