高龄冠心病合并房颤患者不同抗栓治疗方案的疗效及安全性研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of different strategy of antithrombotic therapy in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and coronary disease.Methods 224 inpatients and outpatients with AF and coronary disease whose mean follow-up time was 2 years,were divided into warfarin group,warfarin combined with antiplatelet drug(aspirin or clopidogrel) group,antiplatelet drug(aspirin or clopidogrel) group and control group.The thromboembolic event rate and adverse events incidence were observed in different groups.Results The risk of thromboembolic events,particular emerging risk of cerebral infarction in the control group(12.50 ％) was significantly higher than other groups (P＜ 0.05).Thrombotic event rates in warfarin + single joint group(2.78％) was lower than other groups(warfarin group 4.29 ％,single joint group 5.81％),but there was no significant statistical difference.The overall risk of bleeding in the control group (3.13 ％) was significantly lower than other antithrombotic group (P＜0.05).The incidence of skin bruising in single joint group was lower than other antithrombotic groups,the overall bleeding risk,especially gasfrointestinal bleeding in warfarin+ single joint group was significantly higher than other groups (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Elderly patients with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation need antithrombotic therapy to prevent thrombotic events.Using warfarin alone or warfarin combined antiplatelet drug does not lead to serious bleeding events,but generally bleeding risk should be attracted more attention.%目的 比较高龄冠心病合并房颤患者不同抗栓方案的疗效及安全性.方法选择该院完成2年随访的住院和门诊房颤合并冠心痛患者共224例,根据服用抗栓药物将患者分为4组,即华法林组、华法林+单联组、单联组及对照组,观察4组患者心血管血栓事件及出血事件.结果对照组总血栓事件特别是新发脑梗死风险(12.50％)明显高于其他各组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).华法林+单联组患者的血栓事件发生率(2.78％)低于华法林组(4.29％)和单联组(5.81％),但差异无统计学意义.对照组患者的总体出血风险(3.13％)明显低于其他抗栓组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).单联组患者皮肤瘀斑的发生率低于其他抗栓组,而华法林+单联组患者总体出血风险特别是消化道出血的发生率明显高于其他各组,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 冠心病合并房颤的高龄患者需要进行抗栓治疗以预防血栓事件的发生,使用华法林特别是华法林联合抗血小板药物抗栓治疗并未引发严重出血事件发生.