目的 分析人群健康检查情况,发现常见的健康问题并制定有效可行的防治策略,促进医院加强健康管理.方法 整群随机抽取在重庆市某三甲医院参加体检的某单位职工,连续3年对同一人群进行相同的体检和分析.结果 2012 -2014年每年体检发现异常者分别为93.5%、95.0% 及95.8%,2014年异常者高于2013、2012年(P<0.05),40岁以上人群的异常检出率最高;男性腰围大于女性(P<0.05);3年检查发现常见的健康问题依次是血脂边缘升高、中心性肥胖、高脂血症等,以代谢性疾病为主.男性超重、肥胖、中心性肥胖等高于女性(P<0.05),女性乳腺增生减少(P<0.05);血脂与血尿酸升高呈年轻化趋势,20~29岁人群中升高者分别为31.7%、20.2%.结论 代谢性疾病是人群的主要健康问题,特别是40岁以上人群,且男性高于女性,而女性健康保健依从性较好,医院应加强高危人群健康教育,有效防控各种慢性疾病的发生、发展.%Objective To analyze the health physical examination situation among populations to find usual health problems and formulate the effective and feasible the strategy of prevention and treatment for promoting hospital to strengthen the health management.Methods The cluster random sampling method was used to extract 1 513 staffs from a unit for conducting the same physical examination and analysis for consecutive 3 years in a same population.Results The deviants annually discovered by the physical examination accounted for 93.5%,95.0% and 95.8% respectively,which in 2014 was higher than that in 2013 and 2012 (P<0.05).The total abnormal detection rate among the population over 40 years old was the highest;the male waistline was grea-ter than female waistline.The common health problems during the 3-year examination were in turn the borderline high blood fat, central obesity,hyperlipidaemia,etc.The metabolic disorder was predominant.Overweight,obesity and central obesity in males were higher than those in females(P<0.05).Female mammary gland hyperplasia was dropped(P<0.05).The elevation of blood lipid and blood uric acid showed the younger trend,their elevations among population aged 20-29 years old were 31.7% and 20.2% re-spectively.Conclusion The metabolic disorders are the main health problems,especially over 40 years old population,moreove male is higher than female.But females have good compliance of health care.Hospital should strengthen the health education in high-risk population for effectively controlling the occurrence and development of various chronic diseases.
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