耳鸣患者心理声学特征与睡量的相关性分析

摘要

目的 通过了解耳鸣患者心理声学特点、睡眠质量现状及耳鸣严重程度,探讨睡眠质量与耳鸣的相关性.方法回顾性分析200例耳鸣患者的临床资料,统计患者纯音测听、耳鸣检查及匹兹堡睡眠质量量表(pittsburghsleepquality indexscale,PSQI)和耳鸣致残量表(tinnitushandicapinventory,THI)结果,并对数据进行统计分析.结果 本组患者左耳耳鸣者占55.6％(155/279);耳鸣声音匹配类型以纯音为主(64.5％,180/279);耳鸣响度多小于10dBSL(67.4％,188/279);耳鸣频率多为高频(61.6％,172/279);耳鸣声音种类数多为一种(70.6％,197/279);伴有听力下降的耳鸣患者占绝大多数(68.5％,191/279).耳鸣患者睡眠质量总分4～15分,平均8.29±4.26分;其中19.5％(39/200)患者睡眠质量好(PSQI≤4分),24.0％(48/200)的患者睡眠质量一般(PSQI5～7分),56.5％(113/200)的患者睡眠质量差(PSQI≥8分).耳鸣患者THI量表平均43.58±13.94分;其中中度耳鸣患者最多,占33.5％(67/200),灾难性耳鸣患者仅占4.0％(8/200);耳鸣患者的睡眠质量(PSQI)与耳鸣程度(THI)呈正相关(r=0.398,P＜0.01).结论 门诊主观性耳鸣以高频、单一、纯音为多见,耳鸣可能影响睡眠质量.%Objective To explore the correlation between sleep quality and tinnitus, through understanding the acoustic characteristics, status of sleep quality and the severity of tinnitus.Methods The clinical data of 200 patients with tinnitus in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The results of pure tone audiometry, tinnitus examination, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI) and Tinnitus Disability Inventory (THI) were analyzed.Results 55.6％ of the patients had tinnitus on the left ear; the sound matching type of tinnitus was mainly pure tone (64.5％); the loudness of tinnitus was less than10 dB SPL (67.4％); the frequency of tinnitus was high (61.6％); and the most patients had one kind of sounds (70.6％), The incidence of tinnitus with hearing loss accounted for the majority (68.5％). The total score of sleep quality of the patients with tinnitus was 4-15 score (8.29±4.26), and 39 patients (19.5％) had good sleep quality (PSQI≤4), 48 (24％) patients with the average sleep quality (PSQI:5-7), and 113 (56.5％) patients with poor sleep quality (PSQI≥8). The average THI score of tinnitus patients was 43.58±13.94, among which moderate tinnitus patients accounted for 33.5％ (67/200), patients with catastrophic tinnitus accounted for only 4.0％ (8/200). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the sleep quality (PSQI score) of tinnitus patients was positively correlated with the degree of tinnitus (THI grading) (r=0.398, P＜0.001).Conclusion Tinnitus is common in high frequency, single tone and pure tone. Tinnitus may affect the quality of sleep.