半干旱区不同覆膜方式对土壤水分温度及马铃薯产量的影响

摘要

Comparative experimentation was carried out on the semi-arid rain-fed terrace of northwest in China to understand the effects of various mulching models on soil temperature and water content, growing period, and yield of potato based on the current actual potato production situation using cv. 'Zhuangshu 3' as plant material. The results showed that potato cultivation with plastic mulching had earlier emergence, more rapid growth and development and extended vegetative stage. In particular, double ridge mulched completely by black film could optimize potato agronomic traits, improve tuber yield, decrease soil temperature and be beneficial to tuber growth. However, mulching by white film had no benefit to yield increase of potato in the place with predominant high temperature and less precipitation.%　　结合当前生产实际，在西北半干旱区旱作梯田中，以‘庄薯3号’为试验材料，对目前旱作区马铃薯不同垄播覆膜方式进行对比试验，以探索不同栽培模式对马铃薯田间土壤温度、土壤含水量、物侯期及产量的影响。结果表明：覆膜栽培的马铃薯出苗早，生长发育较快，营养生长期延长，尤其双垄全膜黑膜覆盖能优化马铃薯农艺性状，提高马铃薯的产量，降低地温，有利于马铃薯薯块的生长，在多年高温少雨的地方，覆白色地膜栽培的马铃薯不利于其产量的增加。