臂旁核神经元调节睡眠觉醒的研究进展

摘要

臂旁核（parabrachial nucleus，PB）是环绕在脑桥结合臂周围的灰质结构，主要由谷氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸（γ-aminobu-tyric acid，GABA）和脑啡肽神经元组成。PB与下丘脑、基底前脑等觉醒核团有着广泛的神经纤维联系，特异性损毁PB可引起动物昏迷样症状。同时，PB 向非快动眼（non-rapid eye movement，NREM）睡眠核团腹内侧视前区投射，并接受来自面旁核的投射，激活面旁核中的GABA能神经元可促进NREM睡眠，表明PB可能参与 NREM睡眠的调控。此外，快动眼（rapid eye movement，REM）睡眠剥夺会引起臂旁外侧核的兴奋。综上所述，PB 在机体调节觉醒、NREM和 REM睡眠中发挥着重要作用。该文将就PB在睡眠－觉醒调节作用中的研究进展做一综述。%The parabrachial nucleus (PB)is made up of gray matter around the Pons combination(BC),mainly consisting of glutamatergic,GABAergic and enkephalinergic neurons.PB is connected to hypothalamus and basal forebrain through a network of nerve fibers.Specific lesion of the entire parabrachial complex in animals leads to a deep coma.PB also projects to the non-rapid eye movement(NREM)-related regions including the ven-trolateral preoptic,and receives the projections from the parafa-cial zone.Activation of the GABAergic neurons in parafacial zone can promote NREM sleep,which indicates that PB partici-pates in NREM sleep.Furthermore,the lateral PB is actived when rapid eye movement(REM)sleep is deprived.In conclu-sion,PB participates in regulating wakefulness, NREM and REM sleep.This review summarizes the advances in the roles of PB in sleep-wake regulation.