目的：观察不同剂量益气固本胶囊对哮喘小鼠病理及气道重塑中TGF‐β1／Smad信号通路的影响。方法将60只雄性SPF级BALB／c小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、地塞米松干预组、童康片组、益气固本胶囊高剂量组和益气固本胶囊低剂量组，每组10只。除正常组外，其余各组均以卵清白蛋白致敏和激发复制哮喘模型，于第21天起，在每次激发前1 h分别给予模型组和用药各组以纯净水及药物灌胃，正常组不给予任何处置。应用HE染色观察各组小鼠气道及肺组织的病理学改变，免疫组织化学法检测肺组织TGF‐β1和P‐Smad3蛋白的表达。结果小鼠气道病理切片观察模型组的气管、肺组织病理改变程度高于正常组、地塞米松干预组、童康片组、益气固本胶囊高剂量组、益气固本胶囊低剂量组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；地塞米松干预组与益气固本胶囊高剂量组、益气固本胶囊低剂量组相比，差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；与正常组相比，TGF‐β1蛋白在模型组、地塞米松干预组、童康片组、益气固本胶囊高剂量组、益气固本胶囊低剂量组表达水平增强，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；与模型组相比，地塞米松干预组、童康片组、益气固本胶囊高剂量组、益气固本胶囊低剂量组TGF‐β1蛋白表达水平降低，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；地塞米松干预组与益气固本胶囊高剂量组、益气固本胶囊低剂量组相比，差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；益气固本胶囊高剂量组与益气固本胶囊低剂量组相比，差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；与正常组相比，P‐Smad3蛋白在模型组、地塞米松干预组、童康片组、益气固本胶囊高剂量组、益气固本胶囊低剂量组表达水平增强，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；与模型组相比，地塞米松干预组、童康片组、益气固本胶囊高剂量组、益气固本胶囊低剂量组P‐Smad3蛋白表达降低，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；地塞米松干预组 P‐Smad3蛋白表达比童康片组、益气固本胶囊高剂量组、益气固本胶囊低剂量组更低，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．01）；童康片组与益气固本胶囊高剂量组相比，差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；益气固本胶囊高剂量组与益气固本胶囊低剂量组相比，差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论益气固本胶囊可抑制哮喘小鼠体内TGF‐β1和P‐Smad3的过度表达，从而阻断TGF‐β1胞内信号转导，可在一定程度上减轻哮喘小鼠气道炎症和抑制气道重塑的发生发展。%Objective To observe the effects of different doses of Yiqi Guben capsules on pathology and TGF‐β1/Smad signaling pathway in airway remodeling of asthmatic mice .Method The 60 male SPF level BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal group ,model group ,dexamethasone intervention(DSMS) group ,Tongkang (TKP) group ,Yiqi Guben capsules high dose(YQGBH) group and Yiqi Guben capsules low dose(YQGBL) group ,with 10 mice in each group .Apart from the normal group ,the other groups were sensitized and stimulated by ovalbumin to copy asthma model .On and from the 21st day , each group was given gavage with pure water and medicines 1 h prior to each excitation except the normal group .Observe path‐ological changes of airway and lung tissues in each group with HE staining ,and detect expression of TGF‐β1 and P‐Smad3 pro‐tein in lung tissues with immunohistochemistry .Result The trachea and lung tissue pathological change degree in model group was statistically higher than that of normal group ,model group ,DSMS group ,TKP group ,YQGBH group and YQGBL group according to airway pathological examination(P<0 .05);comparing DSMS group with YQGBH group and YQGBL group ,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0 .05) .Compared with normal group ,TGF‐β1 protein expression levels in model group ,DSMS group ,TKP group ,YQGBH group and YQGBL group statistically increased(P<0 .01);compared with model group ,TGF‐β1 protein expression levels statistically decreased in DSMS group ,TKP group ,YQGBH group and YQGBL group(P<0 .01);comparing DSMS group with YQGBH group and YQGBL group ,there was no statistical significance(P>0 .05);comparing YQGBH group with YQGBL group ,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0 .05);compared with normal group ,the expression levels of P‐Smad3 protein increased in DSMS group ,TKP group ,YQGBH group and YQGBL group(P<0 .01);compared with model group ,the P‐Smad3 protein expression levels decreased in DSMS group ,TKP group , YQGBH group and YQGBL group with statiscal significance(P<0 .01);the P‐Smad3 protein expression level of DSMS group was even lower than TKP group ,YQGBH group and YQGBL group(P<0 .01) and the difference was of statistical signifi‐cance;comaring TKP group with YQGBH group ,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0 .05);comparing YQGBH group with YQGBL group ,there was no statistically significant difference(P>0 .05) .Conclusion Yiqi Guben capsules can block TGF‐β1 intracellular signal transduction by inhibiting excessive expression of TGF‐β1 and P‐Smad3 in asthma mice ,which to a certain extent ,reduces asthma airway inflammation in mice and inhibits the occurrence of airway remodeling .
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