乙肝免疫球蛋白联合乙肝疫苗阻断乙肝感染父婴传播的可行性分析

摘要

Objective To observe the clinical effect of anti-hepatitis B immunoglobulin combined with hepatitis B vaccine in blocking the transmission of hepatitis B virus infection between father and infant. Methods Totally 68 pairs of pregnant women and their spouses in People's Central Hospital in Zhanjiang from January 2012 to May 201 5 were selected as the subjects of study and were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group,34 pairs in each group,among whom women were not infected with hepatitis B virus but their spouses were hepatitis B patients.The newborns in the control group were injected with hepatitis B vaccine while the newborns in the observation group were injected anti-hepatitis B immuno-globulin on the basis of the treatment for the control group.The birth weight,Apgar scores,the levels of ala-nine aminotransferase(ALT)and the test results of hepatitis B virus(HBV)of the newborns in two groups were observed.Results The differences of the birth weight,Apgar scores,and the levels of ALT of the new-borns in the two groups had no statistical significance(P >0.05).The positive rate of HBsAg of the newbo-rns in the observation group was 5.88%(2/34),which was lower than 23.53%(8/34)of the control group, and the difference had statistical significance(P <0.05).The positive rate of HBsAb of the newborns in the observation was 32.35% (1 1/34 ),which was higher than 1 1.76% (4/34 )of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05 ).Conclusion The application of anti-hepatitis B immuno-globulin combined with hepatitis B vaccine to newborns can effectively block the transmission of hepatitis B virus infection,and significantly reduce the rate of neonatal infection.%目的：观察乙肝疫苗与乙肝免疫球蛋白联合应用对乙肝感染父婴传播阻断的临床效果。方法2012年1月至2015年5月在湛江中心人民医院分娩的产妇及其配偶68对为研究对象，产妇均未感染乙肝病毒，配偶均为乙肝患者，随机分为观察组和对照组各34对。对照组新生儿注射乙肝疫苗，观察组在对照组基础上加用乙肝免疫球蛋白。观察两组新生儿出生体质量、Apgar 评分、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平及乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)检测结果。结果两组新生儿出生体质量、Apgar 评分以及 ALT 水平比较差异无统计学意义(P >0.05)；观察组新生儿 HBsAg 阳性率为5.88%(2/34)，低于对照组23.53%(8/34)，差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)；观察组新生儿 HBsAb 阳性率为32.35%(11/34)，高于对照组11.76%(4/34)，差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论新生儿应用乙肝疫苗联合乙肝免疫球蛋白，能够对感染乙肝病毒的父婴传播进行有效阻断，明显降低新生儿感染率。