目的:探讨体外诊断设备的防电击要求,帮助制造商理解以便合理地设计相关产品.方法:介绍IEC 61010-1:2010标准的要求,分析各种电击防护措施,阐述保护接地阻抗防电击的原理,并引入实例分析全自动生化分析仪采样针的电击防护措施,解析其设计是否存在电击危害.结果:虽然采样针不满足保护接地和双重绝缘/加强绝缘的要求,但在基本绝缘失效时采样针不会危险带电,可判定采样针的结构设计满足标准要求.结论:只有对标准进行全面深入的了解,识别出产品内部的危险带电部件,并逐一进行防电击措施的分析,才能对防电击的要求做出正确的判断.%Objective To study the electric shock protection requirements of in vitro diagnostic equipment and to help manufacturers understand the relevant requirements in order to design products reasonably. Methods The requirements of IEC 61010-1:2010 were analyzed, the electric shock protection measures were explored, and the principles for protecting ground impedance against electric shock were described. An example was taken to study the electric shock protection measures for the sampling needle of the automatic bio-chemical analyzer, so that the existence of electric shock hazard could be determined. Results The sampling needle proved its rationality in structure design by avoiding the risk for being electriferous in case of failed basic insulation, although the requirements for protective earthing, double insulation or reinforced insulation were not met efficiently. Conclusion The requirements for electric shock protection can be determined based on comprehensive understanding of the standard, determination of electriferous components of the equipment as well as analysis on electric shock protection measures.
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