昆明主城区2016年冬季园林植物冻害情况调查分析与建议

摘要

极端低温天气是制约城市园林植物分布与应用的重要生态因子.2016年1月22-26日,昆明市遭遇了30年未遇低温寒潮天气,致使园林植物不同程度受冻,对城市绿化造成巨大损失.通过对昆明主城区主要道路和公园中的园林植物的实地调查,结合资料查阅进行分析,结果显示外来热带、南亚热带园林植物受冻害普遍,冻害等级与区域性气候、植物种类、城市热岛效应、立地环境、配置形式、栽植养护等具有相关性.在讨论和分析基础上,提出了预防和减轻园林植物冻害的建议.%The extreme low temperature weather in winter is often the main ecological restricting factor on the distribution and application of urban-greening plants,especially trees.In the January 22 to 26,2016,Kunming suffered extreme low temperature weather in the recent 30 years,leading to serious freezing injury and huge losses some urban greening plants.By investigating the urban freezing injury plants in the major parks and roads of Kunming city,it showed that most of the trees with serious freezing injury were species originated from tropic and south subtopic area and herbs were more vulnerable than wooden plants.The freezing injury degrees of the plants were related with the regional climate,plant species,urban heat-island effect,their arrangement,cultivation and maintenance.Based on the results and discussion,some suggestions about reducing and preventing urban-greening plants freezing damage were given in this paper.