本文选用具有表面活性作用的咪唑类离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑三氟甲磺酸盐([emim]O T f)作为电解液添加剂。运用循环伏安法、线性扫描伏安法、扫描显微镜法和充放电循环等表征方法，考查了添加不同含量的[emim]OTf添加剂对析氢过电位和电池循环寿命的影响。结果表明，[emim]OTf的添加能够提高析氢过电位，起到抑制析氢的作用。其较低的表面张力和高的表面活性，能够吸附在活性物质颗粒表面，提高了晶体的成核率，有效地抑制了PbSO4颗粒的增大和不可逆硫酸盐化，提高了电池的循环寿命。当[emim]O T f的添加量为占活性物质质量分数的0.2%时，电池寿命提高约10.7%。%Ionic liquid of 1-ethyl-3-methylimadozolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([emim]OTf) was selected as additive of electrolyte to improve the electrochemical properties of lead-acid battery. The effects of different content of [emim]OTf on the over-potential of hydrogen evolution and cycle life of battery were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, charge–discharge test, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively. The results show the addition of [emim]OTf can reduce the volume of evolved hydrogen by increasing the over-potential of hydrogen evolution. The surface of active particle can be absorbed by [emim]OTf because of its low surface tension and high surface activity, resulting improving the nucleation rate of crystal, restringing the size of PbSO4 particles and sulfation. The cycle life of battery was improved signiifcantly using [emim]OTf as additive of electrolyte. The result shows that the cycle life can be improved by 10.7 % when the amount of [emim]OTf reached 0.2 wt% of active material.
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