妊娠期压力对母儿身心健康影响的研究进展

摘要

Prenatal maternal stress is common among pregnant women.The different rates of prenatal stress across studies are probably caused by using various measurements and press defied level.Under the regulation of neuroendocrine system of hypothalamic pituitary adrenal system and sympathetic-adrenal medulla system, higher level of prenatal stress will not only lead to adverse physical health outcomes such as preterm delivery, low birth weight, pregnancy complications, but even cause adverse impacts on psychological outcomes including antenatal anxiety, postpartum depression, neuro-development of infants.This article made a brief review on the prevalence of prenatal stress and the effects on mother and infant''s physical and psychological heath.%孕妇普遍存在妊娠期压力,但由于压力测量方法和界定压力水平的标准不一,各地妊娠期压力发生率尚不统一.高水平的妊娠期压力在体内下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质系统和交感-肾上腺髓质系统等神经内分泌系统的调节下,不仅可导致早产、低出生体重、妊娠并发症等不良身体健康结局,还会出现孕妇产前焦虑、产后抑郁和子代神经行为发育障碍等影响心理健康的结局.该文就孕妇的妊娠期压力流行现状及其对母儿身心健康影响的研究进展进行综述.