目的 探讨超声检测胎儿胸腺的发育是否与胎儿先天性心脏病和胎儿宫内感染有关.方法 86例正常胎儿和166例先天性心脏病胎儿以及10例宫内感染胎儿纳入本研究.超声测量上述各组胎儿胸腺的周长.胸腺周长低于相同孕周正常胎儿的第5百分位称之为胎儿胸腺发育不良.结果 锥干心脏畸形胎儿的胸腺发育不良的检出率(7/54)明显高于非锥干心脏畸形胎儿(2/112)和正常胎儿(2/86)(x2 分别为6.83和4.087,P＜0.01和P＜0.05),正常胎儿和非锥干心脏畸形胎儿的胸腺发育不良检出率两者无明显差异(x2=0.029,P=0.75).宫内感染胎儿胸腺发育不良的检出率(5/10)明显高于正常胎儿(x2=21.73,P＜0.005).结论 胎儿胸腺发育不良与锥干心脏畸形和胎儿宫内感染有关,并可通过胎儿超声心动图进行检测.%Objective To evaluate whether there is a relationship between the sonographic fetal thymus size and the presence of congenital heart disease(CHD) or intrauterine infection. Methods 86 normal fetuses, 166 fetuses with CHD and 10 fetuses with intrauterine infection were included in this study. The fetal thymus perimeter below the 5th percentile for gestational age is defined as fetal thymic hypoplasia. Results The prevalence of thymic hypoplasia in CHD (7/54) is higher than that in the other non-conotruncal CHD (2/112) and normal fetuses (2/86) (x2 =6.83,4. 087 ; P＜0. 01,0. 05). The prevalence of thymic hypoplasia in the other non-conotruncal CHD (2/112) is not different from that in normal fetuses (2/86) (x2=0.029,P=0.75). The prevalence of thymic hypoplasia in inflammatory fetuses(5/10) is higher than that in normal fetuses(2/86) (x2 =21.75,P＜0. 005). Conclusions Fetal thymic hypoplasia which can be determined by fetal echocardiography, is strongly associated with CHD or intrauterine infection.
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