目的 建立腹膜腔积气的兔模型,为研究人体腹膜腔积气的超声诊断奠定基础.方法 利用成年健康兔获得正常腹膜腔声像,再将兔分别制作成经皮腹膜腔穿刺气腹模型15只和经皮结肠穿刺气腹模型15只,观察腹膜腔积气声像,比较各部位探查到腹膜腔积气的敏感性.结果 正常腹膜壁层和脏层声像呈双轨征.两种造成腹膜腔积气的方式,声像图上表现一致.腹膜腔积气时,双轨征消失,腹腔内出现多条气体反射回声,腹膜脏层、腹腔脏器回声消失.前腹膜中央区域是最易评价腹膜腔有无积气的部位,敏感性为100％.结论 高频超声对实验兔腹膜腔积气的诊断,以前腹膜中央区域图像最清晰且易于辨识,比经肝前间隙和膈下对游离气体的诊断更为可靠.%Objective To produce a rabbit model of aeroperitoneum and lay a foundation for diagnosing free gas in the peritoneum of human being. Methods To observed the ultrasonograms of peritoneal cavity on normal healthy rabbits, the ultrasonograms of free gas on a rabbit model of aeroperitoneum punctured via the peritoneum (n=15) or the colon (n= 15) were observed. The sensibility of two different ways in detecting the free gas was compared. Results The ultrasonograms of normal abdominal peritoneum and intestinal peritoneum showed double track sign. The rabbit model of aeroperitoneum produced by two ways showed the same ultrasonograms. After aeroperitoneum, the double track sign disappeared, there are many gas reflections in the peritoneal cavity. In addition, the slipping signs of abdominal peritoneum and intestinal peritoneum accompanying the breath vanished. It is easy to detecting whether there is gas or not in the peritoneum via the central area of front peritoneum and the sensibility is 100%. Conclusions Under the present condition of the study, the ultrasonograms obtained via central region of the peritoneum by high frequency ultrasound were clear enough to recognize, more reliable than the way in obtaining the ultrasonograms via the gap in front of liver or via the inferior diaphragm.
展开▼
