经脐静脉超声造影对晚孕胎鼠脑组织超微结构影响的初步研究

摘要

Objective To observe the ultrastructure changes of brain of the late trimester of fetal rats via transumbilical vein injection using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography.Methods The forty pregnant rats in the late trimester were divided into four experimental groups randomly.After being successfully punctured in the umbilical vein,two fetus was randomly chosen from maternal uterus with injection contrast agent SonoVue or normal saline solution(20 fetus/each group).Group A as control group with injection of normal saline solution(120 μl/kg);group B as low dose group with injection of SonoVue 0.014 mg/kg(120μl/kg,0.118 ng/ml);group C as media dose group with injection of SonoVue 0.14 mg/kg(120 μd/kg,1.18mg/ml)and group D as high dose group with injection of SonoVue 1.4 mg/kg(120 μl/kg,11.8 mg/ml).After observing the process of every contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic examination,tissue slices of brain of these fetus were made for electronmicroscope investigation.Results ①There was no enhancement in the fetus and placenta in group A.Enhancement couldn't be clearly seen in group B because of fast wash-out contrast agent.On the contrary,the fetus and placenta enhancement in turn could be seen in group C and group D.Enhancement never be seen in maternal uterus and uterine outside.②There was no significant difference of ultrastructure changes of the fetal brain tissues in group A and group B with electronmicroscope.Different degree rough endoplasmic reticulum enlargement,mitochondria swelling,endothelial cell injury,glycogen deposition and vacuolization in the brain cells were found in group C and group D,and the value of contrast between the two groups was significantly different(P＜0.05).Conclusions It is decreasd gradually effects to perform transumbilical vein contrast enhanced ultrasonography with reducing gradually dose for the late trimester of fetal rats,but enhancement has been invisible in the low dose group.%目的 观察经脐静脉超声造影对晚孕SD胎鼠脑组织超微结构的影响.方法 40只晚孕SD大鼠随机分为4组,每只孕鼠子宫中随机选取2只经脐静脉穿刺成功后的胎鼠,注射生理盐水或造影剂声诺维(SonoVue)(每组胎鼠数20只).A组:对照组,注射生理盐水120 μl/kg；B组:低剂量组,注射SonoVue剂量为0.014 mg/kg(120 μl/kg,0.118 mg/ml);C组:中剂量组,注射SonoVue剂量为0.14mg/kg(120 μl/kg,1.18 mg/ml);D组:高剂量组,注射SonoVue剂量为1.4 mg/kg(120 μl/kg,11.8mg/ml).观察各组各胎鼠的造影过程,造影后取各胎鼠的脑组织进行电镜检查.结果 ①A组各胎鼠及胎盘组织未见显影；B组在注射造影剂后迅速消退,视觉效果不理想;C组及D组可见胎鼠及胎盘依次先后显影.孕鼠子宫及子宫外组织始终未见显影.②电镜下:A组及B组脑细胞超微结构未见明显改变；C组及D组细胞胞质内均出现不同程度的粗面内质网扩张、线粒体肿胀、血管内皮细胞基底膜增厚、糖原沉积及空泡形成等超微结构改变,但C组超微结构较D组改变轻,与D组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 经脐静脉超声造影对晚孕胎鼠脑组织超微结构有一定的影响,影响随造影剂剂量的减低而变小,但低剂量组视觉效果不理想.