适于冬作马铃薯的氮钾基追肥分配模式研究

摘要

This study aimed at probing into the suitable basal-top dressing allocation pattern for winter potato production through comparing the effects of different NK treatments on yield, marketable potato ratio, partial factor productivity of applied N or K20, and economical profits with field NK allocation experiments. The main results showed that compared with potassium allocation proportion, nitrogen allocation proportions had significant influence on the yield of winter potato under consideration, the difference among qualified marketable potato and total yields with different N allocation proportion treatments were significant (p<0.05). When applying 9 000 kg/hm2 of poultry manure, 240 kg/hm2 of fertilizer Nitrogen, N : P20s: K2O=1 : 0.56 : 1.95, N2K2 combination treatment (N2=40 (base manure)'-15 (top dressingl):20 (top dressing2)'-15 (top dressing3): 10 (top dressing4); K2=50 (base manure)'? 5 (top dressing 1): 10 (top dressing2); 20 (top dressing3): 15 (top dressing4)) was the suitable fertilization pattern for winter potation under consideration, with which yields, partial factor productivity of applied N or K2O, and economical profits were all the highest, and marketable potato ratios listed the second, but no significant differences with the first value was found (p>0.05).%通过布置田间氮钾基追肥分配模式试验,探讨氮钾基追分配处理对冬作马铃薯产量、商品薯率、氮钾肥偏生产力和经济效益的影响,最终拟定适宜冬作马铃薯生产的氮钾基追分配模式.结果表明:氮肥基追分配模式对冬作马铃薯产量的影响较钾肥基追分配模式的显著,氮肥基追分配模式各处理的商品薯产量和总产之间的差异均达到显著水平(p＜0.05).在施用有机肥9 000 kg/hm2,氮(N)肥用量为240 kg/hm2,N∶P2O5∶K2O=1∶0.56∶1.95条件下,N2K2处理组合(N2=40(基肥)∶15(追1)∶20(追2)∶15(追3)∶10(追4)；K2=50(基肥)∶5(追1)∶10(追2)∶20(追3)∶15(追3))是较适宜的施肥模式,该氮钾处理组合的产量、氮钾肥偏生产力和经济效益均最高,商品薯率位于第二,但与第一位的处理之间无显著差异(p＞0.05).