Natural rubber is a vital industry raw material categorized as a strategic resource. Recently, the gap between its consumption and supply is expanding. Nevertheless, Hevea brasiliensis is an unique natural rubber producing tree cultivated in Asia and Africa in large scale. Consequently, many institutes in United States and Europe were endeavouring to screen alternative renewable natural rubber producing crops and techniques. Considerable progress has been accomplished, which could possibly affect the elaborative producing elements of current natural rubber basing on Hevea. The current situation for alternative natural rubber producing crops and techniques were reviewed in this paper. It is suggested that the Chinese Government should implement relevant investigations and researches.%天然橡胶是重要的工业原料和战略物资.近年来其供需日趋紧张,而目前大面积商业化种植生产天然橡胶的巴西橡胶树,只能种植在亚洲和非洲等地的热带地区.为此,美国、欧盟的某些机构相继开展了巴西橡胶树替代作物的研究,并在近期取得了重要进展.这对中国及世界其它国家以巴西橡胶树种植为主的天然橡胶产业构成了潜在威胁.为了对目前国内外非巴西橡胶树生产天然橡胶的研究和开发现状进行较为深入系统地了解,本文对国内外巴西橡胶树替代产胶作物及技术开发利用现状进行概括分析,并建议迅速确立专项开展银胶菊及转基因橡胶草等替代巴西橡胶树产胶作物及技术调研研究.
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