寄主植物对螺旋粉虱发育和繁殖的影响

摘要

The development,survivorship,longevity,reproduction,life table parameters,and body size of the spiraling whitefly Aleurodicus dispersus Russell were examined in the laboratory using seven host plants,Musa sapientum,Pterocarpus indicus,Terminalia catappa,Manihot esculenta,Carica papaya,Psidium guajava and Capsicum annuum The results showed that the development duration from egg to adult reared on M.esculenta was the shortest,as 41.33 days,followed by P.guajava and C.annuum,as 42.28 days and 42.44 days,respectively,and the longest on was M.sapientum,as 56.31 days.The highest survival rate was 20.00％ on C.annuum,whereas the relative lowest survival rate appeared on M.esculenta,as 3.64％.The average ovipostion of A.dispersus varied from 117.63 eggs reared on C.annuum to 73.44 eggs on M.sapientum.The highest index of population trend was 12.323 1 on C.annuum and was the lowest on M.esculenta.Comparison of all parameters,the most suitable host plants for the development and reproduction of A.dispersus was C.annuum,followed by P.guajava.%了解螺旋粉虱在海南几种重要寄主植物上的生物学习性,为其防控提供预警,同时可筛选出适宜的扩繁寄主.以香蕉、印度紫檀、榄仁树、木薯、木瓜、番石榴及辣椒等7种植物为寄主,在温度16～29℃、相对湿度65 ％～91％的隔离大棚中观察螺旋粉虱的发育、存活、繁殖和虫体大小等情况.结果表明:螺旋粉虱由卵至成虫的发育时间以在木薯上最短,为41.33 d;其次为番石榴及辣椒,分别为42.28、42.44 d;香蕉上的发育历期最长,为56.31 d.卵至成虫存活率以在辣椒上最高,为20.00％；木薯上最低,为3.64％.平均产卵量以在辣椒上最多,为117.63粒；香蕉上最少,为73.44粒.种群趋势指数在辣椒上最大,为12.323 1;木薯上最小为1.710 3.综合比较可知,辣椒是螺旋粉虱种群生长发育和繁殖最适宜的寄主,其次为番石榴.