云南咖啡主栽区土壤肥力现状初评

摘要

对云南咖啡主栽区的土壤进行野外采集和室内分析,采集57个土壤样品进行肥力指标测定和分析比较,采用客观真实的单项系数和内梅罗综合系数法来反映各咖啡主栽区的土壤肥力状况,为咖啡科学施肥,优质生产提供一定的理论依据.云南咖啡主栽区土壤pH、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和缓效钾的平均值分别为5.5、29.96 g/kg、151.2、27.13、125.83和339.40 mg/kg;初步评价云南咖啡主栽区的土壤肥力状况:土壤呈强酸性,有机质中等,碱解氮很丰富,速效磷丰富,速效钾中等,缓效钾缺乏,土壤的供钾潜力不足;土壤肥力指标的变异程度按土壤pH、碱解氮、缓效钾、有机质、速效钾、速效磷的次序递增.云南咖啡主栽区的土壤综合肥力整体一般.%Fifty seven soil samples in the main coffee planting areas of Yunnan Province were collected to determine and analyze their soil fertility, and the soil fertility was expressed by using the actual single factor and Nemoro comprehensive index method in order to provide scientific basis for the scientific fertilization and high-quality production of coffee. The soil pH, organic matter, alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen, available P, available K and slowly available K in the main coffee planting area of Yunnan Province were 5.5,29.96 g/kg,151.2,27.13,125.83 and 339.40 mg/kg,respectively.This indicates that the soil was highly acid with moderate content of organic matter,high contents of alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen and available P, moderate content of available K, and low content of slowly available K, suggesting insufficient supply potential of potassium in the soil.The soil fertility index range was increasing in the order of soil pH,alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen,slowly available K,organic matter,available K, and available P. The soil fertility was general in the main coffee planting areas of Yunnan Province.