目的 分析距骨骨折后缺血性坏死的发生率及功能预后.方法 回顾性分析2004年7月-2009年11月收治12例13足得到随访的距骨骨折的坏死发生率、足踝功能及致残率.按Hawkins分型:Ⅰ型2足,Ⅱ型4足,Ⅲ型5足,Ⅳ型2足.结果 12例随访11～52个月,平均19.6个月.8足出现距骨坏死,3足需处理,其中1足行踝关节融合,1足行距下关节融合,1足行减压植骨;另5足踝关节、距下关节功能良好,无距骨塌陷、骨关节炎表现.根据Maryland足部评分标准,优8足,良2足,可1足,差2足,优良率为77%.结论 距骨骨折脱位后缺血性坏死的发生率与骨折的部位及创伤能量相关,但其功能预后与缺血坏死并不相关.%Objective To study the incidence and prognosis of avascular necrosis after talus fracture. Methods A retrospective survey was performed in 12 patients ( 13 feet) with talus fractures admitted into hospital from July 2004 to November 2009 to analyze necrosis rate, ankle function recovery and disability rate. According to Hawkin' s classification system, there were two patients with type Ⅰ feet, four with type Ⅱ feet, five with type Ⅲ feet and two with type Ⅳ feet. Results All patients were followed up for average period of 19.6 months (range 11-52 months). Avascular necrosis was detected in eight feet, of which one foot was treated with ankle fusion, one with subtalar arthrodesis and one with bone implantation. The other five feet had good ankle and subtalar function, with no collapse or osteoarthritis. According to Maryland foot score, the result was excellent in eight patients, good in two, fair in one and failure in two, with excellence rate of 77%. Conclusion The incidence of avascular necrosis after talus fracture is related to the location and energy of trauma. However, the function prognosis of the talus shows no correlation with necrosis.
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