含纳米银壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇抗菌敷料的制备和性能

摘要

BACKGROUND: Antiseptic dressing is one of the important measures to prevent occurrence of invasive wound infection, but the long-term use of antibiotics can cause bacteria resistance. Meanwhile, antibacterial materials are combined with cotton fabric to obtain antiseptic d ressing, poor biocompatibility, and should not be used for long-term coverage of wound.OBJECTIVE: To prepare a good biocompatible, antibacterial anti-inflammatory of new antibacterial biological dressing, and to initially detect its biological properties.METHODS: In the study, Ag/SiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized in an absorption phase nanoreactor formed in the ethanol/water/NaOH solution; SiO2 powder loaded with silver was added into chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol reaction solution,chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol sponge containing Ag/SiO2 nanoparticles was prepared by acetalization reaction. The mechanical properties, surface topography, cytotoxicity and antibacterial properties of materials were detected.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The material displayed porous structure, and had favorable moisture-adsorption rate, air permeability rate, moisture-retention rate, and high tensile strength; porosity of material was high, interspace of sponge was dense and uniform, the pore diameter was about 0.1-1 mm. The cytotoxicity test using MTT method suggested that the material had no significant cytotoxicity to fibroblasts of mouse and could promote the growth of fibroblasts. Materials on the staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, candida albicans, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella typhi had a good bactericidal effect. These results indicated that the material not only possesses good mechanical properties, bioactivity and antibacterial activity, but also its synthesis procedure is simple. Therefore, the developed material can be applied for wound dressing.%背景:抗菌敷料是预防创面发生侵袭性感染的重要措施之一,但长期使用抗生素会使细菌产生耐药性;同时,将抗菌材料与棉织物复合制得的抗菌敷料,生物相容性差,不宜用于创面的长期覆盖.目的:制备一种具有良好的生物相容性、抗菌消炎性的新型抗菌生物敷料,并初步检测该材料的生物学性能.方法:通过在乙醇/水/NaOH溶液中,构建一个纳米级的吸附相反应器,制得吸附纳米银的纳米SiO2粉末;将载银的SiO2粉末添加到壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇反应溶液中,通过缩醛化反应制得含Ag/SiO2纳米颗粒的壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇海绵.检测材料的各项物理性能、表面形貌、细胞毒性、抗菌性能.结果与结论:材料呈多孔结构,吸水率、透气性和保湿性良好,具有较高的拉伸强度;材料孔隙率高、空隙致密均匀,孔径大小为0.1～1 mm;MTT法检测材料对小鼠成纤维细胞毒性显示无明显毒性,并且能促进该细胞的生长;材料对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、铜绿假单胞菌、伤寒沙门菌均有良好的杀菌效果.以上结果显示材料不但具有良好的物理性能、生物活性和抗菌性能,而且合成工艺简单,可作为创面敷料.