椎体骨水泥注入联合抗骨质疏松药物治疗急性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折

摘要

背景：经皮椎体后凸成形治疗椎体压缩性骨折疗效显著，具有创伤小、出血与并发症少、术后恢复快、大部分老年患者可以耐受等特点，但其只是一种治疗手段，并不能有效预防老年患者术后再次发生椎体压缩性骨折。目的：评估经皮椎体后凸成形联合抗骨质疏松药物治疗急性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的临床疗效。方法：纳入急性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者137例(198个治疗椎体)，其中女111例，男26例，年龄(75.55±6.96)岁，行椎体内注射聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥经皮椎体后凸成形治疗，治疗后连续3个月服用抗骨质疏松药物。治疗前、治疗后1周、治疗后3个月检查目测类比评分、骨折椎体高度恢复率、Oswestry功能障碍指数、Cobb角，同时记录并发症发生率及椎体压缩性骨折再发生率。结果与结论：所有患者治疗后1周、治疗后3个月的目测类比评分、骨折椎体高度恢复率、Oswestry功能障碍指数、Cobb角均较治疗前明显改善(P <0.001)。术后并发症发生率为0.7%，3个月随访期间未再发生椎体压缩性骨折。表明经皮椎体后凸成形联合抗骨质疏松药物可有效治疗急性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折。%BACKGROUND:Percutaneous kyphoplasty for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures has gained good clinical results and it is characterized as smal trauma, less bleeding and very low rate of complications. The vast majority of elderly patients can tolerate it, but this method cannot prevent fracture replase in the elderly. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate clinical outcomes of percutaneous kyphoplasty combined with anti-osteoporosis drug for the treatment of acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures METHODS:According to strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 137 patients, including 26 males and 111 females, mean age of (75.55±6.96) years, with a total of 198 acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated by kyphoplasty that involves injection of polymethyl methacrylate cement under radiologic control into a treated vertebral body were conducted in this study. Al patients were asked to take anti-osteoporosis drugs for 3 post-treatment months. The primary outcomes were visual analogue scale, ertebral restoring rate, Oswestry disability index, Cobb angle at different time (pre-operation, 1 week and 3 months after operation). In addition, the rate of complications and the replase rate of vertebral compression fractures after operation were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were significant differences in the mean visual analog scale scores, vertebral restoring rate, Oswestry disability index, Cobb angle at pre-procedure and post-procedure (at 1 week and 3 months) (P<0.001). In addition, the rate of postoperative complications was 0.7%and there were no vertebral compression fractures during 3-month fol ow-up period. Our study suggests that percutaneous kyphoplasty combined with anti-osteoporosis drug for the treatment of acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures can gain good clinical results.