BACKGROUND:Rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma models are characterized by expanded and infiltrative growth, abundant blood supply, similar pathological and imaging features to human hepatocelular carcinoma, so this model is ideal for imaging experiments. OBJECTIVE: To establish rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma models and compare two different laparotomy methods in establishing rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma models. METHODS:Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: traditional laparotomy (tumor particles were directly embedded into the liver with tweezers) and improved laparotomy (tumor particles were injected into the liver through a 15G syringe needle). The growth features of the tumor established in two different ways were compared by ultrasound. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The tumor formation rate was 100% in the two groups; the single rate was respectively 50% and 90%; the ectopic implantation rate was 50% and 10%, there were significant differences between two groups (P < 0.05). The mortality rate within 2 weeks was 33% and 0 in the two groups, with significant differences (P < 0.05). The improved laparotomy method is feasible for modeling rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma, due to minimal injury, short operation time, high success rate and stable features.%背景：兔VX2肝癌模型肿瘤呈膨胀性浸润性生长，血供丰富，具有与人类肝细胞癌极为相似的病理学及影像学特征，是较理想的用于影像实验研究的肝癌模型。目的：建立VX2兔肝癌模型，比较开腹建立兔VX2肝癌模型的两种不同方法的优劣。方法：将30只新西兰白兔随机分为2组，传统开腹法组开腹直接包埋肿瘤颗粒，改良开腹包埋法组开腹穿刺注入肿瘤颗粒。比较两种不同植瘤方式肿瘤的生长特点，用超声监测肿瘤生长。结果与结论：两组接种成瘤率均为100%；单发率分别为50%、90%；异位种植率分别为50%、10%，均差异有显著性意义(P <0.05)。建模后2周内死亡率分别为33%、0，差异有显著性意义(P <0.05)。结果证实，改良开腹包埋法对肝组织的损伤小，手术时间短，重复性好、模型性质稳定，是可推荐的建立兔肝癌模型方法。
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