BACKGROUND:Evaluation of the newly formed bone at the distraction site by the imaging technologies is the cornerstone for terminating the limb lengthening successfuly.In the early stages of the distraction, the X-ray cannot detect any evidence of new bone formation within the distraction sites, whereas ultrasound can acquire wealth information about new bone and surrounding soft tissues. OBJECTIVE: To explore the application value of Doppler ultrasound in the evaluation of limb lengthening in order to promote its clinical application. METHODS: A computer-based search was performed on the CNKI database and PubMed database for articles related to ultrasound in the evaluation of limb lengthening published from January 1989to October 2014. The keywords of "distraction osteogenesis, ultrasonography, external fixation, fracture healing" in English and Chinese were used to search the articles by title and abstract. Finaly, a total of 24 articles were included to review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Ultrasound is an effective method to evaluate the limb lengthening in early stage. It can not only detect the formation and maturation of the new calus, but also can evaluate the forming speed and the quality of the new cals. Moreover, ultrasound can be used to evaluate the situation of the soft tissue near the distraction site. Complications associated with the limb lengthening can be observed timely by the ultrasound. Ultrasound is of great significance in the evaluation of distraction osteogenesis.%背景:影像学对截骨端新生组织的检测结果,是指导牵拉成骨进程的重要依据.传统的监测手段X射线片无法对牵拉早期的新生组织显像,而超声能早期检测到新生骨痂的形成及其周围组织的生长情况.目的:旨在探究超声多普勒在监测牵拉成骨中的研究进展,以促进其临床应用.方法:应用计算机检索CNKI 和PubMed 数据库中1989 年1 月到2014 年10月关于超声监测牵拉成骨相关的文章,在标题和摘要中以"牵拉成骨;多普勒超声;外固定;骨折愈合"或"distraction osteogenesis, ultrasonography, external fixation, fracture healing"为检索词进行检索.最终选择24篇重要文献进行综述.结果与结论:超声是评价牵拉成骨早期改变的有效方法.超声能够全程监测骨痂的形成与成熟过程,能够评价骨痂生成的速度及其质量,监测拉伸区域及截骨区附近的软组织情况,早期发现肢体延长过程中出现的并发症,监测截骨端骨痂血运情况.在指导牵拉速度、调节牵拉张力、预防并发症等方面具有重要意义.
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