构建新鲜颈椎标本椎动脉流量测定模型:观察体位改变对椎动脉流量的影响

摘要

背景:人体颈椎新鲜离体标本作为可靠的生物力学研究模型,为从椎动脉流量角度研究颈性眩晕发病机制提供了基础.目前国内外尚无既能模拟颈椎生理状态、实现复杂体位,又能进行椎动脉流量测量的离体颈椎模型报道.目的:通过构建新鲜颈椎标本椎动脉测定模型,观察体外环境下新鲜人尸颈椎体位改变对椎动脉流量的影响.方法:取6具新鲜人尸颈椎标本构建椎动脉流量测定模型,通过调节压力泵模拟人体椎动脉压力;采用数字动作捕捉系统动态测量容量瓶内生理盐水液面高度的变化,实现在旋转相关体位下椎动脉流量测定.结果与结论:①6个模型中8条椎动脉通畅性完好;②自然位椎动脉流量明显大于对侧旋转复合前屈体位、同侧旋转复合后伸体位、对侧旋转复合后伸体位的椎动脉流量(P < 0.05);③对侧旋转复合前屈体位及对侧旋转复合后伸体位的椎动脉流量明显小于自然位、同侧旋转体位及同侧旋转复合前屈体位的椎动脉流量(P < 0.05);④结果表明,成功构建了生理载荷下新鲜颈椎标本椎动脉循环模型,并实现了旋转相关体位下椎动脉流量的测量;不同的旋转体位对椎动脉流速有不同的影响.%BACKGROUND: As a reliable biomechanical model, human fresh isolated cervical specimens provide the basis for studying the pathogenesis of cervical vertigo from the perspective of blood flow of vertebral artery.There is a lack of an in vitro cervical model that can simulate the physiological state of the cervical vertebrae and achieve complex posture, as well as can measure the blood flow of vertebral artery. OBJECTIVE:To study the influence of variant position of human fresh isolated cervical vertebrae on the blood flow of vertebral artery in vitro through constructing the fresh specimen of cervical vertebral artery determination model. METHODS: Six human fresh isolated cervical specimens were selected for constructing the vertebral artery determination model. The pressure of human vertebra artery was simulated by pressure pump. The change of normal saline height was measured by digital motion capture system dynamically under different positions. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Eight vertebral arteries in the six models were in good condition. (2) The vertebral artery flow under neutral position was significantly richer than that under contralateral rotation-anteflexion and ipsilateral/contralateral rotation-postexion (P <0.05). (3) The vertebral artery flow under contralateral rotation-anteflexion and rotation-postexion was significantly poorer than that under natural position, ipsilateral rotation and ipsilateral rotation-anteflexion (P < 0.05). (4) In summary, the cervical vertebral artery determination model is constructed successfully that can simulate the influence of the position on vertebral artery flow. Additionally, different positions of rotation make a different effect on vertebral artery flow.