不同年龄上消化道出血的病因及临床特征比较研究

摘要

Objective To analyze the etiology and clinical features in different age patients with upper gas⁃trointestinal hemorrhage, for the prevention and control of the disease. Methods Four hundred and eighty-two patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were divided into three groups according to the age. Three groups of patients were researched for the etiology and clinical features statistically and the cases were ret⁃rospectively analyzed.Among all patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage patients, 256 cases are old, 176 are of the middle-aged group, and 50 of the youth. Results The cause of peptic ulcer was accounted for the most common one, and the other two causes in the elderly group were the digestive tract cancer and acute gas⁃tric mucosal lesions; in the middle-aged group in turn were cirrhosis with esophageal gastric fundus varicosity burst and digestive tract tumors;in youth in turn were acute gastric mucosal lesions and esophageal cardiac muco⁃sal tearing syndrome. Conclusion The occurrence of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is proportional to the age.The elderly are prone to have massive haemorrhage with serious complications and fatal results, its reason may be related to the elderly special body function.%　　目的：分析不同年龄上消化道出血患者的病因及临床特征。方法：回顾性分析482例上消化道出血患者的临床资料，按年龄分为老、中、青3组，对其病因及临床特征进行统计研究分析。结果：3组病因中，消化性溃疡均占首位，第2、第3位的病因中，老年组为消化道肿瘤、急性胃黏膜病变；中年组为肝硬化食管胃底静脉曲张破裂、消化道肿瘤；青年组为急性胃黏膜病变、食管贲门黏膜撕裂综合征。结论：上消化道出血的发生与年龄呈正相关，老年人更容易出现大出血、严重合并症及死亡，其原因可能与老年人特殊的身体机能有关。