萤火一号火星探测器轨道设计与科学探测事件分析

摘要

针对萤火一号火星探测器在2011年发射窗口的轨道进行初步设计.在此基础上,分析了萤火一号火星探测器绕火星飞行的轨道特性,预报其穿越火星弓激波和磁堆积区域、CCD相机拍照时刻,其与深空站进行星-地掩星试验和与俄罗斯Phobos-Grunt火星探测器进行星-星掩星试验的时刻.结果表明,萤火一号火星探测器在与俄罗斯Phobos-Grunt分离后一年的环火飞行时间里,存在大量的科学探测机会.%The orbit of Yinghuo-1 is designed for the 2011 launching window with the patched conic approximation method.Then,the orbit characteristics of Yinghuo-1 around Mars,such as the time for Yinghuo-1 flying into the Mars shadow and the time of the sun outage when Yinghuo-1 can not communicate with the Earth,are analyzed.Moreover,the events and time for Yinghuo-1 to pass by the bow shock and the magnetic pileup boundary of the Mars are given.It also shows the time for CCD imager to take pictures of Mars and Phobos,the time for X-band transmitter to do the Mars Radio Occultation Experiment（MROE） with deep ground stations,and the time for the radio occultation receiver in Yinghuo-1 to do the MROE with USO experiment on board of Phobos-Grunt spacecraft.The results of simulation demonstrate that there are many scientific exploration events during one-year flight around the Mars after Yinghuo-1 separates from Phobos-Grunt.