目的：对西安市城镇居民和农村居民结核病健康教育效果进行评价，为进一步开展全市结核病健康教育提供依据。方法采取随机分层抽样方法和社区干预试验的研究方法，对城镇居民和农村居民开展一系列的健康教育活动，健康教育前后采用相同问卷进行两次问卷调查，比较健康教育前后结核病防治知识知晓率、正确态度持有率、正确行为持有率等指标的变化。结果西安市城镇居民结核病防治知识总知晓率由干预前的60.10%提高至87.19%，农村居民由54.69%提高至83.06%。3条核心知识总知晓率城镇居民由40.17%提高至83.05%，农村居民由36.00%提高至77.43%。3条核心信息全部知晓率城镇居民由7.10%提高至21.59%，农村居民由6.83%提高至17.99%。正确态度和行为持有率也明显上升。居民获取结核病防治知识的途径主要为“电视、报纸、杂志”等传统媒体，居民最希望的途径为“医务人员讲解”和“网络”。结论对城镇居民和农村居民开展结核病健康教育效果显著，但需进一步强化“可疑症状”“免费政策”和“免费机构”核心信息的宣传。%Objectives To evaluate the effect of health education about tuberculosis(TB)among urban and rural residents in Xi’an. Methods Community intervention program(CIP)with stratified and cluster randomization were adopted.Questionnaire survey about knowledge,attitude and practice of TB were carried out before and after the health education among urban and rural residents in Xi’an city.Results The general awareness rate for all 8 messa-ges of TB prevention and treatment increased from 60.10%,54.69% to 87.1 9%,and 83.06% among urban and ru-ral residents respectively.The general rates for 3 key messages of TB increased from 40.1 7%,36.00% to 83.05%, and 77.43% among urban and rural residents respectively.The full awareness rates for 3 key messages of TB in-creased from 7.10%,6.83% to 21.59%,1 7.99% among urban and rural residents respectively.The holding rates of correct attitude and practice increased.The primary ways for residents to get information of TB prevention and treat-ment were the traditional print media,such as TV,newspaper and magazine.But the methods they wanted to obtain information were medical workers’interpretation and internet.Conclusions The health education achieved certain effect among urban and rural residents.But the key information such as TB suspicious symptoms,free policy and medical institution need to be further strengthened.
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