基于隧道磁阻传感器的三维电子罗盘设计∗

摘要

Existing electronic compass is vulnerable to be distracted by the Magnetic Field in external environment, which leads to low accuracy. To solve this problem,a three-dimensional electronic compass is designed based on Tunneling Magneto Resistance sensor and a prototype is made. The error characteristics of compass in a real envi-ronment is studied,and ellipse hypothesis are carried out to compensate the azimuth error after ellipsoid-fitting cor-rection. Through experimental tests,the compensation effect of the ellipse hypothesis method,which compensated az-imuth accuracy of up to 0.85° and effectively reducing 94.81% of the azimuth error. Experimental results show that applying TMR sensor to electronic compass is feasible.%针对现有电子罗盘在地磁场检测时易受到外界磁场干扰而导致测量精度不高的问题，设计了基于隧道磁阻传感器( TMR)的三维电子罗盘并完成样机制作。研究了实际环境中电子罗盘的误差特性，经椭球拟合校正后，采用基于椭圆假设的椭圆拟合方法对误差进行补偿，补偿后其方位角精度可达0.85°，有效降低94.81%的方位角误差。实验结果验证了TMR传感器在电子罗盘应用的可行性。