目的：探讨不同喂养方式对婴儿体格生长的影响。方法选择出生、42 d、9个月时有完整的体重、身长数据，且生后～9个月喂养方式单一的婴儿304例，随访到18个月时有243例婴儿。按喂养方式分为母乳喂养、混合喂养和配方奶喂养组。计算18个月婴儿BMI对年龄Z评分（BAZ）并绘图。对不同喂养组的身长、体重及其增长量，BAZ分布进行比较。结果3组出生时体重、身长差异无统计学意义。42 d 时母乳喂养组体重[（5.0±0.5）kg]高于配方奶喂养组[（4.9±0.6）kg]；出生～42 d母乳喂养组体重增长量[（1.7±0.4）kg]高于混合喂养组[（1.5±0.4）kg]和配方奶喂养组[（1.4±0.4）kg]；42 d～9个月母乳喂养组体重增长量[（4.5±1.0）kg]低于混合喂养组[（4.8±0.8）kg]和配方奶喂养组[（5.1±1.1）kg]；18个月时配方奶喂养组体重[（12.1±1.5）kg]高于母乳喂养组[（11.2±1.4）kg]；9～18个月配方奶喂养组体重增长量[（2.3±0.8）kg]高于母乳喂养组[（1.8±0.7）kg]和混合喂养组[（1.9±0.5）kg]；42 d～9个月配方奶喂养组身长增长量[（17.1±2.0）cm]高于母乳喂养组[（16.1±1.9）cm]；18个月时配方奶喂养组身长[（83.1±3.7）cm]大于母乳喂养组[（81.5±2.9）cm]；差异均有统计学意义。18月时配方奶喂养婴儿中超重（即Z评分大于2）的比例最高，为11.11％。结论3种喂养方式婴儿体重增长模式不同。早期母乳喂养的婴儿体重增长较快，配方奶喂养后期体重增长较快。不同喂养方式对婴儿早期的身长增长无影响，配方奶喂养的婴儿后期身长增长较快。配方奶喂养的婴儿18个月超重的比例最高。%Objective To assess the effects of different feeding patterns on infant growth. Methods The sample included 304 infants who had a consistent feeding pattern up to 9 months of age,and their data of weight and length at birth,6th week and 9th month were comple.243 infants were followed up at 18th month.The infants were grouped by their feeding pattern as breastfeeding (BF),formula feeding (FF),and mixed feeding (MF).The BMI for age Z score (BAZ)were computed and plotted.The length,weight,increment of length,weight,and BAZ were compared. Results There were no significant differences among the three groups in newborn period in both weight and length.At 6th week,the weight of BF [(5.0 ±0.5)kg]was higher than FF [(4.9 ±0.6)kg].From birth to 6th week,the weight increment of BF [(1.7 ±0.4)kg]was statistically significant higher than MF [(1.5 ±0.4)kg]and FF [(1.4 ±0.4)kg]. However, the weight increment of BF [(4.5 ±1.0)kg]from 6th week to 9th month was significantly lower than MF [(4.8 ±0.8) kg]and FF [(5.1 ±1.1 )kg].At 18th month,the weight of FF [(12.1 ±1.5 )kg]was significantly higher than BF [(11.2 ±1.4)kg].The weight increment from 9th month to 18th month of FF [(2.3 ±0.8)kg]was significantly higher than other BF [(1.8 ±0.7)kg]and MF [(1.9 ±0.5)kg].The length increment from 6th week to 9th month of FF [(17.1 ±2.0)cm]was significantly higher than BF [(16.1 ±1.9)cm].At 18th month,the length of FF [(83.1 ±3.7) cm]was significantly higher than BF [(81.5 ±2.9)cm].The ratio of overweight (Z score of BMI >2)at 18th month in FF infants was the highest with a proportion of 1 1.1 1%. Conclusion The growth patterns of three feeding groups were different.From birth to 6th week,the weight increment was faster for breastfeeding infants and from 6th week to 9th month, it's faster for formula feeding infants.From birth to 6th week,the effect of different feeding pattern on length increment was not significant;however,formula feeding was beneficial for infants length.The ratio of overweight in formula feeding infants at 18th months was the highest.
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