运动训练对尘肺患者肺功能及运动耐力的影响

摘要

目的:观察呼吸训练结合全身运动训练对改善尘肺患者肺功能、运动耐力等方面的影响.方法:将在我院住院的60例尘肺患者随机分为康复组和对照组,每组各30例,2组均接受常规对症治疗,康复组同时增加运动训练包括踏车运动、呼吸锻炼等.踏车运动每天20min,每周不少于5次,呼吸锻炼选择在卧位、坐位和站位以及行走状态下进行,每天2次,每次不少于20min,共观察8周.治疗前后检测2组肺功能主要指标,包括肺活量(VC,vital capacity),用力肺活量(FVC,forced vital capacity),第1秒时间用力呼出量(FEVl,forced expiratory volume in 1 second)和运动耐力水平(6min步行试验).结果:治疗2个月后,康复组肺功能、6min步行距离与治疗前及对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);对照组治疗前后各指标比较差异无统计学意义.结论:运动训练可以提高尘肺患者的肺功能和运动耐力,提高患者生存质量.%Objective:To investigate the effects of breathing training combined with whole-body exercise training on pulmonary function and exercise endurance of patients with pneumoconiosis.Methods:Pneumoconiosis patients (n=60) were randomly divided into rehabilitation group (n=30) and control group (n=30).Both groups were treated with routine symptomatic treatment,and rehabilitation group was given exercise training including treadmill exercise and breathing training.Treadmill exercise was 20 min per day and not less than 5 times per week.Breathing training,which was taken in lying,sitting,standing and walking,was twice per day and not less than 20 min per time for 8 weeks.Indices of pulmonary function were assessed by vital capacity (VC),forced vital capacity (FVC),forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and exercise tolerance (6 minutes walking test) before and after treatment.Results:After two months,pulmonary function and exercise endurance were significantly improved in the rehabilitation group as compared with those before training and control group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the control group before and after training.Conclusion:Exercise training can improve pulmonary function and exercise endurance in patients with pneumoconiosis and enhance the quality of life.