探空气球对空中电场探测的影响分析

摘要

为研究气球周围大气电场分布,分析气球对空中大气电场探测的影响,建立了不带电气球和带电气球的电场分布模型,通过边界条件和气球周围电荷分布分别求解拉普拉斯方程和泊松方程,利用MATLAB模拟计算气球周围电场的分布情况,对比分析表明:气球带电后对上下部位的电场有加强作用,对左右两侧的电场分布有削弱的作用.同时,分析了气球升空过程中体积的变化和介电常数的改变对气球周围大气电场强度的影响,结果表明,探空绳长取20 m最优,此时气球造成的电场强度误差为0.33％.%In order to figure out the distribution of the atmospheric electric field around the meteorological balloon,and analyze the impact on the detection of atmospheric electric field of meteorological balloon,we built the electric field distribution models of uncharged and charged balloons.The Laplace and Poisson equations are solved based on the boundary condition and the charge distribution around the balloon,and the electric field distributions are simulated using MATLAB software.It is indicated that the charged balloon has a positive effect on electric field at the upper and lower parts,and a negative effect on both sides.The impact on the atmospheric field around the balloon that caused by the change of volume and dielectric constant of the balloon are analyzed.The result shows that optimal length of the rope is 20 m,and the deviation of the electric field caused by the balloon is 0.33％.