初发精神分裂症患者神经认知功能早期受损状况调查

摘要

目的：通过分析初发精神分裂症患者与健康人群认知功能的差异，探讨初发精神分裂症患者早期神经认知功能缺陷的程度与特点。方法选取住院的初发精神分裂症患者120例为患者组，健康人群120例为对照组，采用阳性与阴性症状量表、成套神经认知功能测验全面评定患者的精神症状与认知功能。结果（1）阳性症状、阴性症状、一般精神病理以及PANSS总分无性别差异（P＞0.05）。（2）在11项神经认知功能测验中，患者组与对照组之间差异显著（P＜0.05），患者组学习和记忆、精细动作、信息处理速度以及执行功能的成绩显著低于对照组（ P＜0.001）。（3）男患者的颜色连线2测验（ P＜0.05）、Stroop色词测验（单词总数 P＜0.05，颜色总数 P＜0.05，色/词总数 P＜0.01）、WMS-Ⅲ空间广度总分（P＜0.01）的成绩显著低于女患者。结论初发精神分裂症患者的认知功能全面损害，且男性患者执行功能与视觉空间记忆的缺陷更严重。%Objective To investigate the neurocognitive function of patients with first-episode schizophrenia by comparing the difference between schizophrenia group and health group.Methods One hundred and twenty patients with first-episode schizophrenia were considered as the patient group ,and 120 normal people were considered as the control group. The psychiat-ric symptoms and cognitive function of two groups were evaluated by a positive and negative syndrome scale and a set of neuro-psychological test battery. Results The neuropsychological function ,learning and memory ,fine movement ,information pro-cessing speed and executive function of patients group were lower than these of control group ;the color trail making test 2 , stroop color word test and WMS-Ⅲ spatial span of male patients were lower than female patients. Conclusion The neuropsy-chological function ,executive function and visual space memory of patients with first-episode schizophrenia have severe impair-ment ,especially in the male patients.