中国南极长城站、中山站、昆仑站和北极黄河站有着独特的地理位置,非常适合于开展极区高空大气物理学的观测研究.回顾中国极地考察研究近30年历程,综述极区高空大气物理学研究方面取得的主要进展,他们是:在南极中山站和北极黄河站建立了国际先进的极区高空大气物理共轭观测系统,实现了极区空间环境的连续监测；在极区电离层、极光和粒子沉降、极区电流体系、极区等离子体对流、地磁脉动和空间等离子体波、极区空间环境的南北极对比、极区空间天气、非相干散射雷达功率谱、电离层加热试验和极区中层夏季回波研究、极区电离层-磁层数值模拟等方面取得了一些原创性的研究成果.最后展望中国极区高空大气物理学研究的发展前景.%Chinese Antarctic Great Wall Station, Zhongshan Station and Kunlun Station and Arctic Yellow River Station have unique geographical locations, well suited to carry out the polar upper atmospheric observations. This paper reviews the glorious history of nearly 30 years of Chinese polar expeditions, and overviews major progress in the po- lar upper atmospheric physics research. They are; the polar upper atmospheric physics conjugate observation system established at Zhongshan Station in Antarctic and Yellow River Station in Arctic, and some original research a-chievements in fields of the polar ionosphere, the aurora and particle precipitations, the polar current system, the polar plasma convection, geomagnetic pulsations and space plasma waves, inter-hemispheric comparisons of the space environment, the space weather in polar regions, the power spectrum of the incoherent scatter radar, ionospheric heating experiments and the polar mesospheric summer echoes, the polar ionosphere-magnetosphere numerical simulation and so on. Finally, prospects of China' s polar upper atmospheric physics research are outlined.
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