北极地区200海里外大陆架划界法律问题研究

摘要

随着北极冰盖的融化,开采北极蕴藏丰富的石油、矿产资源越来越具有现实可行性,北极地区200海里外大陆架划界问题日益成为各国关注的热点.分析北极地区200海里外大陆架划界的国际法基础、主要法律问题以及学界对解决该问题的建议,认为200海里外大陆架划界不可能通过某一特定程序一次性解决,而是现有国际法框架内各国共同参与、区分不同阶段、依次解决多个问题的综合过程.北极地区200海里外大陆架问题不仅仅是地区事务,也同非北极国家切身利益息息相关.中国应当加强该问题的研究,以期作出积极、适当的反应.%As the Arctic ice cap is melting rapidly, it will be technically possible in the near future for Arctic coastal countries ( Russia, Denmark, Norway, Canada and the United States) to exploit the natural resources hidden in the Arctic region. The delimitation of the continental shelf in the Arctic will be a complicated procedure because of a number of factors; the geological structure of the Arctic continental shelf; the non-legally binding recommendation of the Commission on the limits of the Continental Shelf; the defects in the UNCLOS dispute settlement mechanism; and the fragile Arctic environment system. This article will focus largely on treaty law, legal issues, and a settlement model of the delimitation of the Arctic outer continental shelf. Arctic outer continental shelf issues are not only regional affairs, but are also closely related to China' s vital interests. To ensure China s sustainable and stable economic development, we should pay greater attention to legal rights regarding the natural resources of the sea. China is expected to influence the final settlement of the Arctic outer continental shelf via active and stable legal methods to safeguard its own legitimate interests.