正常成年男性前发际线分类的临床研究

摘要

Objective To measure the male anterior hairline (AH) and provide data for hair transplantation. Methods 205 males were randomly involved and divided into different age groups, as the young group(age 18-29), the middle-aged group( age 30-49) and the old group( age 50 + ). Their AH shape and height were measured. The data was then analyzed. Results According to the morphological classification of AH, the linear type was most common in the young and middle-aged groups (48.40％ and 37.33％ ), the anterior protrusion type was most common in the old group (34. 80％ ). The mean height of AH was 6.42 cm (5.00-8.50 cm)for the median line, and there was no statistical difference between groups ( P ＞ 0. 05 ) ; the mean ratio of median line AH height to facial length was 0. 30 (0. 22-0. 37 ), there were significant differences between the old group against the young, or the middle-aged group ( P ＜ 0.05 ),and no difference between the young group and the middle-aged group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ) ; the mean height of AH was 5.83 cm ( 3.5-8.0 cm) for the paramedian line, and there was no statistical difference between groups (P ＞0.05) ; the mean height of AH was 8.34cm (5.5-10. 5 cm) for the lateral line, there were significant differences between the young group against the middle-aged, or the old group ( P ＜ 0.05 ), and no difference between the middle-aged group and the old group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusions The shape and height of AH were age-associated. The linear type is most common in the young and middle-aged groups, the anterior protrusion type is most common in the old group. The change first occurrs on the lateral lines since the age of 30, and the central portion is involved since the age of 50. The older the age gets, the higher the hairline is.%目的 测量正常成年男性前发际线形状和高度，为诊断前发际线异常和重建正常前发际线提供理论依据。方法 实体观察和测量205例正常成年男性前发际线形状和高度，按年龄分组，18～ 29岁为青年组共64例，30～49岁为中年组共75例，50岁以上为老年组共66例，对前发际线形状和高度值进行统计学处理和分析。结果 正常成年男性前发际线形状有直线型、中尖直线型、后弧线型和前弧线型4种，青中年组直线型发际线居多，分别占组内48.40％和37.33％，老年组多为前弧线型占34.80％。中发际线(A)均值为6.42 cm(5.00 ～8.50 cm)，组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；正中发际线与面部长度比值均数为0.30(0.22～0.37)，组间方差分析结果：老年组分别与青年和中年组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)，青年和中年组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；旁发际线(B)均数为5.83 cm(3.50 ～8.00 cm)，组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；外侧发际线(C)均数为8.34 cm(5.50～10.50 cm)，组间方差分析结果：青年组分别与中年和老年组间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05))，中年和老年组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 成年男性前发际线形状和高度与年龄有关，青、中年人多为直线型发际线，老年人前弧线型发际线居多；自30岁起前发际线从两侧开始逐渐后退，50岁后累及中央，表现为整个前发际线后退。