7～12岁注意缺陷多动障碍儿童和正常儿童认知脑电功率的比较

摘要

Objective To compare brain electrical cognitive tasks and brain development between study about 7 to 12 years old attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and normal children.Method Prospectic case-control study was used.A total of 110 children with ADHD (63 boys and 47 girls) and 116 normal children (66 boys and 50 girls),were enrolled in this study.The electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded when attention tasks were conducted,the EEG power was extracted from the original data and comparatively analyzed the absolute power (θ,α,β spectrum) and relative power (θ/total,α/total,θ/α,θ/β).Result (1) Absolute power:ADHD children θ absolute power was higher than that of normal children in Pz lead ((52 ± 28) vs.(40 ± 30) μV2,t =3.906,P ＜ 0.05),with statistical significance.(2) Relative power:θ/total,θ/α,θ/β in ADHD are higher than normal children(0.23 ±0.07 vs.0.20 ± 0.05,1.35 ±0.76 vs.1.00±0.56,4.75±2.49 vs.3.56±2.08,t=2.900 and 3.954 and3.901,P=0.004 and 0.000 and 0.000),α/total in ADHD is lower (0.21 ±0.09 vs.0.24 ±0.10,t =-2.517,P =0.013).(3) The comparative study of the development of EEG power θ/β between ADHD and normal children showed age-related correlation in both groups (r =-0.378 and-0.398,P =0.000 for both).Conclusion ADHD children's EEG power on slow spectrum was higher than that of the normal children,it was more significant in the parietal region than in frontal region.With the increase of age,the θ relative power in ADHD and normal children gradually declined,in the normal children it linearly related,but in ADHD there was no significant regularity.θ/β can be used as a sensitive index to assess ADHD children's cognitive function.%目的 探讨7 ～12岁注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿和正常儿童注意认知任务脑电功率的差异.方法 前瞻性病例对照研究,以2013年10月至2015年9月常州市儿童医院收治的ADHD患儿110例(男63例、女47例),正常儿童116名(年龄与性别与ADHD组相匹配,其中男66名、女50名).儿童判断连续操作测试注意任务同时描记脑电图,在原始数据中提取脑电功率并进行绝对功率(θ、α、β频段)和相对功率(θ/总、α/总、θ/α、θ/β)的比较分析.结果 ADHD患儿Pz导联θ绝对功率高于正常儿童[(52±28)比(40±30) μV2,t=3.906,P＜0.05];ADHD患儿θ/总、θ/α、θ/β均较正常儿童高(0.23±0.07比0.20±0.05、1.35±0.76比1.00±0.56、4.75±2.49比3.56±2.08,t=2.900、3.954、3.901,P=0.004、0.000、0.000);α/总较正常儿童低(0.21±0.09比0.24±0.10,t=-2.517,P=0.013).两组儿童θ/β均与年龄有相关性(r=-0.378、-0.398,P均=0.000).结论 ADHD患儿脑电慢波功率高于正常儿童,顶区较额区显著.ADHD和正常儿童θ频段相对功率随年龄增长逐渐下降,正常儿童呈线性相关,ADHD则无明显规律性.θ/β可作为评估ADHD儿童认知功能的敏感指标.