Objective To investigate the incidence of the scoliosis among school-age population in Guangzhou. Methods 33 798 in-school students between 7 to 15 years were examined for scoliosis by physical examination, moire topography and X-ray examination. The Cobb' s angle was measured for the suspected subjects. Results 361 students were definitely diagnosed to have scoliosis, with a prevalence of 10.7/1000. The rate was 9.0/1000 in males and 12.6/1000 in females. The male/female ratio was 1 /1.4. The main abnormality was idiopathic scoliosis, accounting for 96.95 %. The Cobb's angle was 10°～19°in 321 (88. 92 % ) 20°～39°in 32(8.86%), and 40°in 8(2.22%)。Conclusions Scoliosis tends to develop in school-age children and the investigation of scoliosis among school-age population is of great importance for early diagnosis, effective prevention and treatment.%目的了解广州市青少年儿童脊柱侧凸的患病率。方法应用目前世界上通用的脊柱侧凸三检法(体检、波纹照相、X线照片)，对广州市33 798名7～15岁在校学生进行普查，体检及波纹照相阳性者行脊柱全长X线正位片，采用Cobb法测量，Cobb角≥10°者确诊为脊柱侧凸。结果33 798名受检学生中一检阳性886人，阳性率26.2‰；二检阳性453人，阳性率13.4‰；三检阳性361人，阳性率10.7‰，即广州市青少年儿童脊柱侧凸的患病率为10.7‰。其中男性患病率9.0‰，女性患病率12.6‰，两者的患病率之比为1/1.4。Cobb角10°～19°321人，20°～39°32人，40°及以上者8人。脊柱侧凸的患病类型；特发性侧凸350人，占96.95％，先天性侧凸6人，神经肌肉源性侧凸5人。侧凸节段以胸腰段为多，其次为胸段、腰段及双弯。凸侧方向：胸段以右侧弯为多，胸腰段及腰段以左侧为多。结论脊柱侧凸在青少年儿童时期有较高的患病率，开展青少年儿童脊柱侧凸普查对早期防治脊柱侧凸有着积极的意义。
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