Objective To explore the characteristics of acute otitis media (AOM) in children in Beijing and its correlation with meteorological factors.Methods Data were collected in 2011-2013 in the Otolaryngology Department of Capital Institute of Pediatrics.AOM in children with relevant information,such as age,sex and season,with the same period of the Beijing municipal meteorological data (the average temperature,average pressure,average wind speed,humidity and PM2.5) were compared to analysis the relationship of meteorological environmental parameters and the onset of AOM in children.Results Annual morbidity of AOM was 7 589,8 245,7 242 respectively,no obvious difference (P =0.761).It was noted that one peak could be seen in December,and a valley in February,followed by August.Summer was less than the other three seasons (P ＜ 0.05).The morbidity of AOM had a small peak within one year after birth,then reached peak at the age of about 4,and then reduced gradually.In different age groups,male patients were higher than those of female.The incidence of AOM was positively correlation tendency with air pressure and PM2.5 (r =0.333,0.093,P =0.000,0.002),which was negatively correlation tendency with daily temperature or humidity (r =-0.327,-0.195,P =0.000,0.000).Conclusions The incidence of AOM of children in Beijing changes with age,and has obvious seasonal variation.There may be some correlation between the meteorological factors and the incidence of AOM in children.%目的 探讨北京地区儿童急性中耳炎的发病特点及其与气象因素的相关性.方法 收集2011-2013年在首都儿科研究所耳鼻咽喉科门诊、急诊就诊的急性中耳炎患儿的年龄、性别以及发病季节等相关信息,与同期北京市气象数据(平均气温、平均气压、平均风速、平均湿度及PM2.5)进行对比,应用SPSS 20.0统计软件分析气象环境参数与儿童急性中耳炎发病之间的关系.结果 2011、2012及2013年急性中耳炎患儿就诊数量分别为7 589、8 245和7 242例次,3年总体差异无统计学意义(P=0.761);每年就诊情况均在12月份达到高峰,2月份最少,8月份次之,夏季明显少于其他季节(P＜0.05).1岁以内婴幼儿急性中耳炎发病有一小高峰,在4岁左右达到发病峰值,之后随着年龄增大就诊数量逐渐减少.在不同年龄段,男性患儿就诊量均高于女性.平均急性中耳炎就诊人次与平均气压、就诊1～2周前的PM2.5值呈正相关趋势(r=0.333,P=0.000;r =0.093,P=0.002),与平均气温、平均湿度呈负相关趋势(r=-0.327,P=0.000;r=-0.195,P=0.000).结论 北京地区儿童急性中耳炎发病有明显年龄规律及季节性,气象因素同儿童急性中耳炎发病之间可能存在一定的相关性.
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