Lgr5阳性干细胞在3D培养中形成类器官的研究进展

摘要

干细胞是人体中组织器官再生的基石,如何充分利用其多能性促进机体细胞、组织和器官的修复或再生是生物医学研究中长久以来的热点和重点.Lgr5阳性细胞是机体中具有多能性分化能力的干细胞样细胞之一,存在于小鼠或人类的多种器官或组织中.目前研究表明,单个或少量的Lgr5阳性干细胞可以在3D培养体系中生长形成多种类器官(organoid),这些类器官的某些生物学及生理学特性与其来源的器官类似或一致.这些实验拓宽了研究者的视野,同时也开辟了一种新的干细胞研究方向.对于内耳细胞再生研究来说,Lgr5阳性内耳干细胞正是近年来刚被证实的内耳多能性细胞群.如何从来源于Lgr5阳性干细胞的类器官研究中获得灵感或经验,对于内耳干细胞的研究具有前瞻性指导意义.本文将对Lgr5阳性干细胞在3D培养体系中形成类器官的相关研究进行综述,以期为类内耳器官的形成与应用提供新思路.%Stem cell is critical to regeneration of tissue or organ of human.How to promote repair or regeneration in the tissues/organ using its pluripotency is always an important issue.Lgr5-possitive cell is one type of the stem cell-like cells capable of pluripotent differentiation in various tissues/organs of both hunans and mice.Current study showed that single or small amount Lgr5-possitive stem cells can grow and form a plurality of organs in 3D culture system,and some organs can present similar biological and physiological properties with the progenitor they were derived.These studies provided new insight into future orientation,for example,Lgr5-possitive inner ear cells were confirmed as inner ear pluripotent cells population,the experiences obtained from organoid studies of Lgr5-possitive cells have certainly showed potential in the future study of inner ear stem cells.This review will focus on the recent progress associated with Lgr 5-positive stem cells forming organoids in the 3D culture.