急性低频感音神经性听力损失的听力学检查特征及意义

摘要

Objective To identify the characteristics and values of audiometric testing in acute low-tone sen-sorineural hearing loss in improvig diagnosis and treatment. Methods Maudiometric and imaging results were reviewed for patients with acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss admitted to our hospital from July 2008 to May 2010. Results Of the 15 patients studied, an apparent causative factor was identified in 9 (60.0%). In 8 patients (53.3%) there was recurrence of hearing loss during follow up. No difference was found between male and female patients regarding cause and recurrence of hearing loss. Electrocochleogram was performed in 8 patients, in whom 5 (62.5%) showed abnormal -SP/ AP ratios. Conclusion The examinations including pure tone audiometry, electrocochleogram (ECochG), DPOAE and ABR have more significance than others in acute low frequency sensorineural hearing loss. Studies are needed for ideal management of this condition, which is probably associated with the social stress. Its pathophysiology likely involves an array of abnormalities including endolymphatic hydrops, autoimmune disorders and autonomic nervous system dysfunction.%目的 明确各项听力学检查在急性低频感音神经性听力损失诊断及研究中的意义,以指导该病的诊断和治疗.方法 对2008年7月至2010年5月在本科就诊的急性低频感音神经性听力损失患者的临床听力学检查进行了回顾性分析.结果 在所有15例患者中有9人(60.0％)有明显诱发因素.在随访期间,有8例(53.3％)出现复发.男女两性无诱发因素和复发率差异.8例患者进行了耳蜗电图的检查,有5例(62.5％)-SP/AP(总合电位/动作电位)检查异常.结论 纯音测听、耳蜗电图、DPOAE(畸变产物耳声发射)、ABR(听性脑干电位)在急性低频感音神经性听力损失诊断及研究中意义较大.其发病很可能与生活压力事件相关,病因可能是膜迷路积水、自身免疫性机制和自主神经功能紊乱等因素的综合作用.