Micro-CT观测豚鼠听骨链解剖结构的基础研究

摘要

Objective The aim of this study was to observe the structure of the ossicular chain of a guinea pig, to obtain a clear 3D image and detect component sizes of the ossicular chain using Micro-CT technology. Methods Behead a guinea pig, cut the head along the median line. Took out the auditory capsule, and removed its postero and inner wall. After fixed it using picroformal solution, we shot it with Micro-CT to gain image. Employed Avizo software to obtain a three-dimensional model, separate the ossicular chain structure, and detect component sizes of the ossicular chain. Results Three-dimensional model was clearly visible and able to rotate around any axis. The structure was partially clear. Inner and outside structure can be observed separately at will. Length of incus, long limb of incus, short limb of incus, stapes footplate, stapes,manubrium mallei were separately 3960±222μm, 1180±36μm, 909±11μm;2111±58μm, 2496±104μm, 3417±58μm, width of incus, sta⁃pes footplate and height of stapes, manubrium mallei were separately 1089±71μm, 902±13μm, 1760±74μm. Angle between incus and stapes, angle between incus and manubrium mallei:108.58° ± 1.26° , 122.46° ± 4.04° . Conclusion The thesis ac⁃quired a three-dimensional image of auditory capsule of a guinea pig using Micro-CT, and by employing Avizo software, we precisely separated out the ossicular structure and accurately detected component sizes of the ossicular chain. That offered a direct observation method for the visualized research on the ossicular chain of a guinea pig and a new way for audiology study on guinea pigs.%目的：利用计算机断层扫描显微成像（Micro-Computed Tomography，Micro-CT）技术拍摄豚鼠听骨链，获得完整清晰的3D图像，精确测量听骨链各组成部分尺寸，探讨豚鼠听骨链解剖结构。方法断头处死豚鼠，沿颅中线剪开头部，取出听泡剥除后内侧壁，苦味酸甲醛溶液固定后，利用Micro-CT技术获取三维图像。应用Avizo建模重构获得三维模型，分割染色听骨链并测量各听小骨组成结构。结果得到空间视觉良好、可任意轴向旋转的豚鼠听骨链3D模型，局部结构清晰，可任意分割显示并测量内外部结构，砧锤复合体、砧锤复合体长脚、砧锤复合体短脚、镫骨底板、镫骨长度、锤骨柄的长度分别为：3960±222μm、1180±36μm、909±11μm；2111±58μm、2496±104μm、3417±58μm；砧锤复合体、镫骨底板的宽度和锤骨柄高度为：1089±71μm、902±13μm、1760±74μm；砧骨镫骨夹角、砧骨锤骨夹角分别为：108.58°±1.26°、122.46°±4.04°。结论采用Micro-CT采集了豚鼠听泡的三维图像，并通过Avizo软件重建，精确分割出豚鼠听骨链的解剖结构并进行了精确测量，为豚鼠听骨链可视化研究提供了清晰直观的观察方式，测量并统计分析了豚鼠听骨链各小骨生理数据，为以豚鼠为对象的进一步听力学研究提供了新的研究方法。