Osteoporosis has become an international health problem. It is a systemic bone disease based on bone loss and the microstructure deterioration, resulting in increased brittle fracture of the bone. Osteoporosis is a disease resulting from multiple factors, including genetic and environmental factors. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted extensive studies concerning osteoporosis-related gene, trying to find sensitive genetic markers to predict the risk of osteoporosis, and to develop drugs to prevent bone loss and to reverse osteoporosis, by determining the direct cause. However, the related and virulence genes are not clear, and the complex genetic system is not entirely clear, either. It remains to do deeper and wider exploration. This article reviews the research developments related to several osteoporosis genes according to national and international literatures, and explores the relationship between these genes and osteoporosis and the genetic research direction of osteoporosis.%骨质疏松症已成为一个世界性的健康问题.它是以骨量减少、骨的微观结构退化为特征,并使骨的脆性增加,易于发生骨折的一种全身性骨骼疾病.骨质疏松症的发生是遗传和环境因素共同作用的结果,是一个复杂的多因子疾病.近年来,国内外学者对骨质疏松症的相关基因开展了大量的研究,试图通过研究确定其直接病因;找到敏感的遗传标记,预测发生骨质疏松的危险性;开发药物防止骨量丢失和逆转骨质疏松.但是,其相关基因和致病基因尚未明确,复杂的遗传学体系也未完全清楚,还有待于更加深入和广泛的探索.本文回顾国内外文献,就骨质骨疏松症几种相关基因的研究进展进行综述.探讨这些基因与骨质疏松的关系,思考骨质疏松症的遗传学研究方向.
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